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- Title
Biological characteristics and genetic variation analyses of saffron latent virus (SaLV) based on genomic P1-Pro and P3 regions.
- Authors
Movi, Shahrbanoo; Dizadji, Akbar; Parizad, Shirin; Zarghani, Shaheen Nourinejhad
- Abstract
Saffron latent virus (SaLV) is a species of the genus Potyvirus. The virus has only been reported from saffron (Crocus sativus L.), which is mainly cultivated in Iran, where some other species of Crocus are cultivated as ornamental plants/flowers. The sequence and organization of the SaLV genome has been determined, but there is a lack of information about its natural and herbaceous hosts as well as transmission by insect vectors that may affect the risks of disease emergence. The occurrence of natural infections of SaLV in Crocus almehensis, Crocus speciosus, and Crocus caspius was investigated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using specific primers, and only infections in C. almehensis were found. Moreover, mechanical inoculation of Chenopodium amaranticolor, Chenopodium quinoa, Chenopodium murale, Chenopodium album, Nicotiana rustica, Datura metel, and Capsicum annuum confirmed that these plant species are local /systemic indicator hosts of SaLV. Transmission of SaLV by Aphis gossypii, Aphis fabae, and Myzus persicae showed no statistically significant differences in efficiency. Pairwise sequence comparisons of sequenced isolates revealed an amino acid substitution of the second valine (V) by isoleucine (I) in the FVVRG motif of the P1-Pro protein. No correlation with geographic origin was found among the analyzed SaLV isolates when the phylogenetic trees were constructed based on P1-Pro and P3 genomic regions. Estimated dN/dS values showed that P1-Pro and P3 were under purifying selection pressure, but not as strong as the coat protein region. Estimation of population genetic parameters based on the P1-Pro and P3 regions, showed that different SaLV isolates were not geographically differentiated, confirming gene flow among different SaLV geographical subpopulations.
- Subjects
IRAN; GENETIC variation; SAFFRON crocus; CHENOPODIUM album; GREEN peach aphid; COTTON aphid; ORNAMENTAL plants; QUINOA
- Publication
European Journal of Plant Pathology, 2022, Vol 164, Issue 2, p299
- ISSN
0929-1873
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s10658-022-02561-3