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- Title
Immune Responses to the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and BNT162b2 Vaccines and to Natural Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infections Over a 3-Month Period.
- Authors
Kim, Ji Yeun; Lim, So Yun; Park, Soonju; Kwon, Ji-Soo; Bae, Seongman; Park, Ji Young; Cha, Hye Hee; Seo, Mi Hyun; Lee, Hyun Jung; Lee, Nakyung; Kim, Kideok; Shum, David; Jee, Youngmee; Kim, Sung-Han
- Abstract
<bold>Background: </bold>There are limited data directly comparing immune responses to vaccines and to natural infections with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study assessed the immunogenicity of the BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccines over a 3-month period and compared the immune responses with those to natural infections.<bold>Method: </bold>We enrolled healthcare workers who received BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccines and patients with confirmed COVID-19 and then measured S1 immunoglobulin (Ig) G and neutralizing antibodies and T-cell responses.<bold>Results: </bold>A total of 121 vaccinees and 26 patients with confirmed COVID-19 were analyzed. After the second dose, the BNT162b2 vaccine yielded S1 IgG antibody responses similar to those achieved with natural infections (mean IgG titer [standard deviation], 2241 [899] vs 2601 [5039]; P = .68) but significantly stronger than responses to the ChAdOx1 vaccine (174 [96]; P < .001). The neutralizing antibody titer generated by BNT162b2 was 6-fold higher than that generated by ChAdOx1 but lower than that by natural infection. T-cell responses persisted for 3 months with BNT162b2 and natural infection but decreased with ChAdOx1.<bold>Conclusions: </bold>Antibody responses after the second dose of BNT162b2 are higher than after the second dose of ChAdOx1 and like those occurring after natural infection. T-cell responses are maintained longer in BNT162b2 vaccinees than in ChAdOx1 vaccinees.
- Subjects
COVID-19; CORONAVIRUS diseases; COVID-19 vaccines; MEDICAL personnel; IMMUNE response; VACCINE effectiveness
- Publication
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2022, Vol 225, Issue 5, p777
- ISSN
0022-1899
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1093/infdis/jiab579