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- Title
Role of calcifying nanoparticles in the development of testicular microlithiasis in vivo.
- Authors
Xia-cong Lin; Xiang Gao; Gen-sheng Lu; Bo Song; Qing-hua Zhang; Lin, Xia-Cong; Gao, Xiang; Lu, Gen-Sheng; Song, Bo; Zhang, Qing-Hua
- Abstract
<bold>Background: </bold>Calcifying nanoparticles (NPs) have been proven to be associated with a variety of pathological calcification and previously detected in semen samples from patients with testicular microlithiasis (TM). The present study was designed to test the hypothesis if human-derived NPs could invade the seminiferous tubules and induce TM phenotype.<bold>Methods: </bold>The animals were divided into three groups. Normal saline (0.2 mL) was injected into the proximal right ductus deferens in group A as a control group. The experimental groups, B and C received Escherichia coli (106 cfu/mL, 0.2 mL) and human-derived NPs suspension (0.2 mL), respectively. Rats were euthanized in 2 batches at 2 and 4 weeks. Testicular pathology, ultrastructure and inflammatory mediators were assessed.<bold>Results: </bold>Chronic inflammatory changes were observed at 2 weeks in both groups B and C. Moreover, the innermost layer of sperm cells were structurally impaired and a zone of concentrically layered collagen fibers around the human NPs body was formed in the lumen of the seminiferous tubule in group C only, in which TM phenotype of remarkable calcification surrounded by cellular debris within the seminiferous tubules was built at 4 weeks.<bold>Conclusions: </bold>The results obtained from our study suggested a potential pathogenic effect of NPs in the development of calcification within the seminiferous tubules, which should be addressed in the future studies.
- Subjects
NANOPARTICLES; PATHOLOGY; CELL proliferation; INFLAMMATION; BIOMINERALIZATION; ANIMAL experimentation; ANIMALS; BIOLOGICAL models; CALCULI; ESCHERICHIA coli; MICE; NANOTECHNOLOGY; RATS; SCANNING electron microscopy; TESTIS; TESTICULAR diseases; CALCINOSIS
- Publication
BMC Urology, 2017, Vol 17, p1
- ISSN
1471-2490
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1186/s12894-017-0289-0