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- Title
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Pseudomonas spp. Isolated From Raw Milk Revealed by Whole Genome Sequencing.
- Authors
Meng, Lu; Liu, Huimin; Lan, Tu; Dong, Lei; Hu, Haiyan; Zhao, Shengguo; Zhang, Yangdong; Zheng, Nan; Wang, Jiaqi
- Abstract
Psychrotrophic bacteria in raw milk are most well known for their spoilage potential and the economic losses they cause to the dairy industry. Food-related psychrotrophic bacteria are increasingly reported to have antibiotic resistance features. The aim of this study was to evaluate the resistance patterns of Pseudomonas spp. isolated from bulk-tank milk. In total, we investigated the antibiotic susceptibility profiles of 86 Pseudomonas spp. isolates from raw milk. All strains were tested against 15 antimicrobial agents. Pseudomonas isolates were most highly resistant to imipenem (95.3%), followed by trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (69.8%), aztreonam (60.5%), chloramphenicol (45.3%), and meropenem (27.9%). Their multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index values ranged from 0.0 to 0.8. Whole-genome sequencing revealed the presence of intrinsic resistance determinants, such as BcI, amp C-09, bla CTX-M, opr D, sul 1, dfr E, cat A1, cat B3, cat I, flo R, and cml V. Moreover, resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) and ATP-binding cassette (ABC) antibiotic efflux pumps were also found. This study provides further knowledge of the antibiotic resistance patterns of Pseudomonas spp. in milk, which may advance our understanding of resistance in Pseudomonas and suggests that antibiotic resistance of Pseudomonas spp. in raw milk should be a concern.
- Subjects
DRUG resistance in bacteria; RAW milk; NUCLEOTIDE sequencing; PSEUDOMONAS; DAIRY industry; ANTI-infective agents
- Publication
Frontiers in Microbiology, 2020, Vol 11, p1
- ISSN
1664-302X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3389/fmicb.2020.01005