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- Title
Characterisation of atherogenic effects of low carbohydrate, high protein diet (LCHP) in apoE/LDLR mice.
- Authors
Kostogrys, Renata; Johann, C.; Czyżyńska, I.; Franczyk-Żarów, M.; Drahun, A.; Maślak, E.; Jasztal, A.; Gajda, M.; Mateuszuk, Ł.; Wrobel, T.; Baranska, M.; Wybrańska, I.; Jezkova, K.; Nachtigal, P.; Chlopicki, S.
- Abstract
Introduction: Low Carbohydrate High Protein diet represents a popular strategy to achieve weight loss. Objective: The aim of this study was to characterize effects of low carbohydrate, high protein diet (LCHP) on atherosclerotic plaque development in brachiocephalic artery (BCA) in apoE/LDLR mice and to elucidate mechanisms of proatherogenic effects of LCHP diet. Materials and Methods: Atherosclerosis plaques in brachiocephalic artery (BCA) as well as in aortic roots, lipoprotein profile, inflammation biomarkers, expression of SREBP-1 in the liver as well as mortality were analyzed in Control diet (AIN-93G) or LCHP (Low Carbohydrate High Protein) diet fed mice. Results: Area of atherosclerotic plaques in aortic roots or BCA from LCHP diet fed mice was substantially increased as compared to mice fed control diet and was characterized by increased lipids and cholesterol contents (ORO staining, FT-IR analysis), increased macrophage infiltration (MOMA-2) and activity of MMPs (zymography). Pro-atherogenic phenotype of LCHP fed apoE/LDLR mice was associated with increased plasma total cholesterol concentration, and in LDL and VLDL fractions, increased TG contents in VLDL, and a modest increase in plasma urea. LCHP diet increased SCD-1 index, activated SREBP-1 transcription factor in the liver and triggered acute phase response as evidence by an increased plasma concentration of haptoglobin, CRP or AGP. Finally, in long-term experiment survival of apoE/LDLR mice fed LCHP diet was substantially reduced as compared to their counterparts fed control diet suggesting overall detrimental effects of LCHP diet on health. Conclusions: The pro-atherogenic effect of LCHP diet in apoE/LDLR mice is associated with profound increase in LDL and VLDL cholesterol, VLDL triglicerides, liver SREBP-1 upregulation, and systemic inflammation.
- Subjects
ANIMAL experimentation; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; BIOMARKERS; BLOOD testing; CHOLESTEROL; FATTY acids; GENE expression; HIGH-protein diet; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; LIVER; LOW-carbohydrate diet; MACROPHAGES; MICE; POLYMERASE chain reaction; RESEARCH funding; DATA analysis software; BRACHIOCEPHALIC trunk; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; MANN Whitney U Test
- Publication
Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging, 2015, Vol 19, Issue 7, p710
- ISSN
1279-7707
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s12603-015-0543-7