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- Title
The genomic basis of the plant island syndrome in Darwin's giant daisies.
- Authors
Cerca, José; Petersen, Bent; Lazaro-Guevara, José Miguel; Rivera-Colón, Angel; Birkeland, Siri; Vizueta, Joel; Li, Siyu; Li, Qionghou; Loureiro, João; Kosawang, Chatchai; Díaz, Patricia Jaramillo; Rivas-Torres, Gonzalo; Fernández-Mazuecos, Mario; Vargas, Pablo; McCauley, Ross A.; Petersen, Gitte; Santos-Bay, Luisa; Wales, Nathan; Catchen, Julian M.; Machado, Daniel
- Abstract
The repeated, rapid and often pronounced patterns of evolutionary divergence observed in insular plants, or the 'plant island syndrome', include changes in leaf phenotypes, growth, as well as the acquisition of a perennial lifestyle. Here, we sequence and describe the genome of the critically endangered, Galápagos-endemic species Scalesia atractyloides Arnot., obtaining a chromosome-resolved, 3.2-Gbp assembly containing 43,093 candidate gene models. Using a combination of fossil transposable elements, k-mer spectra analyses and orthologue assignment, we identify the two ancestral genomes, and date their divergence and the polyploidization event, concluding that the ancestor of all extant Scalesia species was an allotetraploid. There are a comparable number of genes and transposable elements across the two subgenomes, and while their synteny has been mostly conserved, we find multiple inversions that may have facilitated adaptation. We identify clear signatures of selection across genes associated with vascular development, growth, adaptation to salinity and flowering time, thus finding compelling evidence for a genomic basis of the island syndrome in one of Darwin's giant daisies. Many island plant species share a syndrome of characteristic phenotype and life history. Cerca et al. find the genomic basis of the plant island syndrome in one of Darwin's giant daisies, while separating ancestral genomes in a chromosome-resolved polyploid assembly.
- Subjects
DARWIN, Charles, 1809-1882; ISLAND plants; DAISIES; FLOWERING time; PLANT species; SYNDROMES; ENDANGERED plants
- Publication
Nature Communications, 2022, Vol 13, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
2041-1723
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1038/s41467-022-31280-w