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- Title
Comparison of energy intake in critical illness survivors, general medical patients, and healthy volunteers: A descriptive cohort study.
- Authors
Viner Smith, Elizabeth; Kouw, Imre W. K.; Summers, Matthew J.; Louis, Rhea; Trahair, Laurence; O'Connor, Stephanie N.; Jones, Karen L.; Horowitz, Michael; Chapman, Marianne J.; Chapple, Lee‐anne S.
- Abstract
Background: Intensive care unit (ICU) survivors have reduced oral intake; it is unknown whether intake and associated barriers are unique to this group. Objective: To quantify energy intake and potential barriers in ICU survivors compared with general medical (GM) patients and healthy volunteers. Design: A descriptive cohort study in ICU survivors, GM patients, and healthy volunteers. Following an overnight fast, participants consumed a 200 ml test‐meal (213 kcal) and 180 min later an ad libitum meal to measure energy intake (primary outcome). Secondary outcomes; taste recognition, nutrition‐impacting symptoms, malnutrition, and quality of life (QoL). Data are mean ± SD, median (interquartile range [IQR]) or number [percentage]). Results: Twelve ICU survivors (57 ± 17 years, BMI: 30 ± 6), eight GM patients (69 ± 19 years, BMI: 30 ± 6), and 25 healthy volunteers (58 ± 27 years, BMI: 25 ± 4) were included. Recruitment ceased early because of slow recruitment and SARS‐CoV‐2. Energy intake was lower in both patient groups than in health (ICU: 289 [288, 809], GM: 426 [336, 592], health: 815 [654, 1165] kcal). Loss of appetite was most common (ICU: 78%, GM: 67%). For ICU survivors, GM patients and healthy volunteers, respectively, severe malnutrition prevalence; 40%, 14%, and 0%; taste identification; 8.5 [7.0, 11.0], 8.5 [7.0, 9.5], and 8.0 [6.0, 11.0]; and QoL; 60 [40–65], 50 [31–55], and 90 [81–95] out of 100. Conclusions: Energy intake at a buffet meal is lower in hospital patients than in healthy volunteers but similar between ICU survivors and GM patients. Appetite loss potentially contributes to reduced energy intake.
- Subjects
CRITICALLY ill; VOLUNTEERS; THRESHOLD energy; APPETITE loss; VOLUNTEER service; NUTRITION
- Publication
JPEN Journal of Parenteral & Enteral Nutrition, 2024, Vol 48, Issue 3, p275
- ISSN
0148-6071
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1002/jpen.2612