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- Title
Arctic Ocean CO<sub>2</sub> uptake: an improved multi-year estimate of the air-sea CO<sub>2</sub> flux incorporating chlorophyll-a concentrations.
- Authors
Yasunaka, Sayaka; Siswanto, Eko; Olsen, Are; Hoppema, Mario; Watanabe, Eiji; Fransson, Agneta; Chierici, Melissa; Murata, Akihiko; Lauvset, Siv K.; Wanninkhof, Rik; Takahashi, Taro; Kosugi, Naohiro; Omar, Abdirahman M.; van Heuven, Steven; Mathis, Jeremy T.
- Abstract
We estimated monthly air-sea CO2 fluxes in the Arctic Ocean and its adjacent seas north of 60° N from 1997 to 2014, after mapping partial pressure of CO2 in the surface water (pCO2w) using a self-organizing map (SOM) technique incorporating chlorophyll-a concentration (Chl-a), sea surface temperature, sea surface salinity, sea ice concentration, atmospheric CO2 mixing ratio, and geographical position. The overall relationship between pCO2w and Chl-a is negative in most regions when Chl-a ≥ 1 mg m-3, whereas there is no significant relationship when Chl-a > 1 mg m-3. In the Kara Sea and the East Siberian Sea and the Bering Strait, however, the relationship is typically positive in summer. The addition of Chl-a as a parameter in the SOM process enabled us to improve the estimate of pCO2w via better representation of its decline in spring, which resulted from biologically mediated pCO2w reduction. Mainly as a result of the inclusion of Chl-a, the uncertainty in the CO2 flux estimate was reduced, and a net annual Arctic Ocean CO2 uptake of 180 ± 130 TgC y-1 was determined to be significant.
- Subjects
ARCTIC Ocean; CHLOROPHYLL; SELF-organizing maps; OCEAN temperature; SALINITY; MARINE ecology
- Publication
Biogeosciences Discussions, 2017, p1
- ISSN
1810-6277
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.5194/bg-2017-320