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- Title
Post-COVID-19 Symptoms and Heart Disease: Incidence, Prognostic Factors, Outcomes and Vaccination: Results from a Multi-Center International Prospective Registry (HOPE 2).
- Authors
Núñez-Gil, Ivan J.; Feltes, Gisela; Viana-Llamas, María C.; Raposeiras-Roubin, Sergio; Romero, Rodolfo; Alfonso-Rodríguez, Emilio; Uribarri, Aitor; Santoro, Francesco; Becerra-Muñoz, Víctor; Pepe, Martino; Castro-Mejía, Alex F.; Signes-Costa, Jaime; Gonzalez, Adelina; Marín, Francisco; Lopez-País, Javier; Cerrato, Enrico; Vázquez-Cancela, Olalla; Espejo-Paeres, Carolina; López Masjuan, Álvaro; Velicki, Lazar
- Abstract
Background: Heart disease is linked to worse acute outcomes after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), although long-term outcomes and prognostic factor data are lacking. We aim to characterize the outcomes and the impact of underlying heart diseases after surviving COVID-19 hospitalization. Methods: We conducted an analysis of the prospective registry HOPE-2 (Health Outcome Predictive Evaluation for COVID-19-2, NCT04778020). We selected patients discharged alive and considered the primary end-point all-cause mortality during follow-up. As secondary main end-points, we included any readmission or any post-COVID-19 symptom. Clinical features and follow-up events are compared between those with and without cardiovascular disease. Factors with p < 0.05 in the univariate analysis were entered into the multivariate analysis to determine independent prognostic factors. Results: HOPE-2 closed on 31 December 2021, with 9299 patients hospitalized with COVID-19, and 1805 died during this acute phase. Finally, 7014 patients with heart disease data were included in the present analysis, from 56 centers in 8 countries. Heart disease (+) patients were older (73 vs. 58 years old), more frequently male (63 vs. 56%), had more comorbidities than their counterparts, and suffered more frequently from post-COVID-19 complications and higher mortality (OR heart disease: 2.63, 95% CI: 1.81–3.84). Vaccination was found to be an independent protector factor (HR all-cause death: 0.09; 95% CI: 0.04–0.19). Conclusions: After surviving the acute phase, patients with underlying heart disease continue to present a more complex clinical profile and worse outcomes including increased mortality. The COVID-19 vaccine could benefit survival in patients with heart disease during follow-up.
- Subjects
PROGNOSIS; SYMPTOMS; DISEASE incidence; COVID-19 pandemic; HEART diseases
- Publication
Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2023, Vol 12, Issue 2, p706
- ISSN
2077-0383
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/jcm12020706