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- Title
Kinetics of Hemagglutination-Inhibiting Antibodies Following Maternal Influenza Vaccination Among Mothers With and Those Without HIV Infection and Their Infants.
- Authors
Nunes, Marta C.; Cutland, Clare L.; Dighero, Bonnie; Bate, Janie; Jones, Stephanie; Hugo, Andrea; van Niekerk, Nadia; Kuwanda, Locadiah; Izu, Alane; Weinberg, Adriana; Madhi, Shabir A.; Matflu Team
- Abstract
<bold>Background: </bold>We evaluated the immunogenicity of trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV3) in pregnant women with and those without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and the persistence of hemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies in mothers and infants.<bold>Methods: </bold>Antibodies were measured before vaccination, 1 month after vaccination, at delivery, and at postpartum week 24 in mothers and within 1 week of birth and at 8, 16, and 24 weeks of age in infants.<bold>Results: </bold>We enrolled 98 HIV-uninfected and 100 HIV-infected pregnant women, including 93% with a CD4(+) T-cell count of ≥ 200 cells/µL. Compared with HIV-uninfected women, HIV-infected women had lower seroconversion rates (ranging from 63%-92% vs 36%-40%), lower antibody titers through postpartum week 24, and overlapping antibody half-lives (ranging from 106-121 vs 87-153 days). Infant titers were lower than the maternal titers within 1 week of delivery, regardless of vaccine strain and HIV exposure status. Compared with HIV-unexposed infants, HIV-exposed infants had a similar transplacental influenza virus antibody transfer ratio, lower titers, and a lower frequency of titers ≥ 1:40 (ranging from 82%-95% vs 43%-79%) at birth and higher antibody half-lives (ranging from 43-45 vs 56-65 days).<bold>Conclusions: </bold>Compared with HIV-uninfected pregnant women, HIV-infected pregnant women had lower antibody responses and persistence. Compared with HIV-unexposed infants, HIV-exposed infants had lower antibody levels at birth but similar antibody levels after 8 weeks of life. Early IIV3 administration during pregnancy did not decrease antibody titers among infants at birth.
- Subjects
BLOOD agglutination; PRENATAL care; INFLUENZA vaccines; HIV-positive women; PLACENTA; ANTIBODY titer; INFANTS; IMMUNE response; INFLUENZA prevention; COMMUNICABLE diseases; COMPARATIVE studies; HEMAGGLUTINATION tests; HIV infections; LONGITUDINAL method; RESEARCH methodology; MEDICAL cooperation; PREGNANCY complications; RESEARCH; RESEARCH funding; VACCINES; VIRAL antibodies; EVALUATION research; RANDOMIZED controlled trials
- Publication
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2015, Vol 212, Issue 12, p1976
- ISSN
0022-1899
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1093/infdis/jiv339