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- Title
A review of the genusSemele(Ruscaceae) systematics in Madeira.
- Authors
de Carvalho, Miguel Ângelo Almeida Pinheiro; Wilcock, Christopher Charles; dos Santos, Teresa Maria Marques; Lucas, Iolanda Catarina Vale; Ganança, José Filipe Teixeira; Franco, Emanuel; Thangadurai, Devarajan; Rao, Doulathabad Muralidhara; Sousa, Nélia Freitas
- Abstract
The present study attempts to review the systematics ofSemele(Ruscaceae) in Madeira, based on phenotypic diversity. The variation in some vegetative (climbing shoot, second-order branches or‘phylloclades’) and sexual (inflorescence and flowers) characters was analysed in 115 plant specimens from 30 field populations, herbaria of the Costa collection and Madeira Botanical Garden (MADJ) and certain gardens. Thirty-one quantitative and qualitative characters have been utilized in the analysis. Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin (KMO) analysis indicates adequate sampling. Principal component analysis (PCA) reveals that the spatial distribution of individuals has a discontinuous behaviour. Principal coordinate analysis (PCO) utilizing the Gower coefficient on standardized data revealed a significantly discontinuous distribution of individuals, such that two different clusters can be defined. The Student'st-test and Tukey test on separate characters, when individuals were classified according to the Costa classification, confirms the significant differences between grouping accessions. This leads to the recognition of two species within the genus in Madeira. Literature and herbarium studies show that these two taxa are conspecific withSemele androgyna(L.) Kunthsensu stricto (s.s.)andSemele menezesiCostasensu lato (s.l.). A separated statistical analysis of theS. androgynacluster shows the possible existence of additional subgroups. Based on field population distribution, ecological behaviour and variation in features, we propose the recognition of two species,S. androgyna(L.) Kunth andS. menezesi(Costa) Pinheiro de Carvalho, and two subspeciesS. androgyna(L.) KunthandrogynaPinheiro de Carvalho andS. androgyna(L.) KunthpterygophoraPinheiro de Carvalho. © 2004 The Linnean Society of London,Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2004,146, 483–497.
- Subjects
BOTANICAL specimens; PLANT species; BIOLOGICAL variation; BOTANICAL gardens; ECOLOGY
- Publication
Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2004, Vol 146, Issue 4, p483
- ISSN
0024-4074
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/j.1095-8339.2004.00351.x