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- Title
Antioxidant Lipid Supplement on Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
- Authors
Wan, Sitong; Wu, Wenbin; Zhang, Yan; He, Jian; Wang, Xiaoping; An, Peng; Luo, Junjie; Zhu, Yinhua; Luo, Yongting
- Abstract
The efficacy of functional lipids with antioxidant properties in reducing cardiovascular risk has not been consistent. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting estimates for the effects of antioxidant functional lipid supplementations on cardiometabolic risk factors were searched up to 1 May 2024. Overall, antioxidant lipid supplementations, compared with placebo, had favorable effects on systolic blood pressure (lycopene: −1.95 [−3.54, −0.36] mmHg), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (n6 fatty acid: −0.39 [−0.71, −0.06] mmol/L; astaxanthin: −0.11 [−0.21, −0.01] mmol/L), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (n3 fatty acid: 0.20 [0.13, 0.27] mmol/L; n6 fatty acid: 0.08 [0.01, 0.14] mmol/L; astaxanthin: 0.13 [0.05, 0.21] mmol/L), total cholesterol (n6 fatty acid: −0.24 [−0.37, −0.11] mmol/L; astaxanthin: −0.22 [−0.32, −0.12] mmol/L; beta-carotene: −0.13 [−0.23, −0.04] mmol/L), triglyceride (n3 fatty acid: −0.37 [−0.47, −0.28] mmol/L; astaxanthin: −0.46 [−0.83, −0.10] mmol/L), and fasting blood insulin (astaxanthin: −2.66 [−3.98, −1.34] pmol/L). The benefits of antioxidant lipid supplementations appeared to be most evident in blood pressure and blood lipids in participants with different cardiometabolic health statuses. Notably, n9 fatty acid increased triglyceride and hemoglobin A1C in the total population, which increases CVD risk. Antioxidant lipid supplementations ameliorate cardiometabolic risk factors, while their effect may depend on type and cardiometabolic health status. Long-term RCTs are needed to corroborate risk–benefit ratios across different antioxidant functional lipid supplementation settings.
- Subjects
LIPID metabolism; CARDIOVASCULAR disease prevention; MEDICAL information storage &; retrieval systems; OMEGA-6 fatty acids; HDL cholesterol; RESEARCH funding; GLYCOSYLATED hemoglobin; LIPIDS; OMEGA-3 fatty acids; CARDIOVASCULAR diseases risk factors; META-analysis; OXIDATIVE stress; LDL cholesterol; SYSTEMATIC reviews; MEDLINE; ANTIOXIDANTS; CHOLESTEROL; BLOOD pressure; FATTY acids; ONLINE information services; SYSTOLIC blood pressure; DIETARY supplements; LYCOPENE
- Publication
Nutrients, 2024, Vol 16, Issue 14, p2213
- ISSN
2072-6643
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/nu16142213