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- Title
Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Artificially Sweetened Beverages Consumption and the Risk of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver (NAFLD) and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH).
- Authors
Tseng, Tung-Sung; Lin, Wei-Ting; Ting, Peng-Sheng; Huang, Chiung-Kuei; Chen, Po-Hung; Gonzalez, Gabrielle V.; Lin, Hui-Yi
- Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are fast becoming the most common chronic liver disease and are often preventable with healthy dietary habits and weight management. Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption is associated with obesity and NAFLD. However, the impact of different types of SSBs, including artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs), is not clear after controlling for total sugar intake and total caloric intake. The aim of this study was to examine the association between the consumption of different SSBs and the risk of NAFLD and NASH in US adults. The representativeness of 3739 US adults aged ≥20 years old who had completed 24 h dietary recall interviews and measurements, including dietary, SSBs, smoking, physical activity, and liver stiffness measurements, were selected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017–2020 surveys. Chi-square tests, t-tests, and weighted logistic regression models were utilized for analyses. The prevalence of NASH was 20.5%, and that of NAFLD (defined without NASH) was 32.7% of US. adults. We observed a higher prevalence of NASH/NAFLD in men, Mexican-Americans, individuals with sugar intake from SSBs, light–moderate alcohol use, lower physical activity levels, higher energy intake, obesity, and medical comorbidities. Heavy sugar consumption through SSBs was significantly associated with NAFLD (aOR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.05–2.45). In addition, the intake of ASBs only (compared to the non-SSB category) was significantly associated with NAFLD (aOR = 1.78, 95% CI = 1.04–3.05), after adjusting for demographic, risk behaviors, and body mass index. A higher sugar intake from SSBs and exclusive ASB intake are both associated with the risk of NAFLD.
- Subjects
UNITED States; LIVER histology; OBESITY; BEVERAGES; CONFIDENCE intervals; FOOD consumption; NON-alcoholic fatty liver disease; FOOD diaries; INTERVIEWING; RISK assessment; T-test (Statistics); DIETARY sucrose; PHYSICAL activity; CHI-squared test; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; HEALTH behavior; SMOKING; LOGISTIC regression analysis; SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors; BODY mass index; COMORBIDITY; DISEASE risk factors; ADULTS
- Publication
Nutrients, 2023, Vol 15, Issue 18, p3997
- ISSN
2072-6643
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/nu15183997