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- Title
Relationship between oral malodor and the menstrual cycle.
- Authors
Kawamoto, A.; Sugano, N.; Motohashi, M.; Matsumoto, S.; Ito, K.
- Abstract
Kawamoto A, Sugano N, Motohashi M, Matsumoto S, Ito K. Relationship between oral malodor and the menstrual cycle. J Periodont Res 2010; 45: 681–687. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S Background and Objective: Sex hormones have been suggested to be important modifying factors that may influence the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. This study examined changes in volatile sulfur compounds (VSC) levels, clinical parameters and bacterial levels during the menstrual cycle. Material and Methods: The study group consisted of 10 female subjects with periodontitis and 12 periodontally healthy female subjects. Clinical and bacterial measurements were performed for all subjects during the ovulation and follicular phases of the menstrual cycle. Results: Bleeding on probing (BOP) was significantly increased in the ovulation phase in periodontitis subjects but not in healthy subjects. The VSC levels in subjects with periodontitis increased 2.2-fold in the ovulation phase compared with the follicular phase. In the ovulation phase, VSC levels and BOP were significantly higher in subjects with periodontitis than in healthy subjects. The number, and salivary levels, of Prevotella intermedia in subjects with periodontitis were significantly higher in the ovulation phase than in the follicular phase. Conclusion: The present study indicated changes in VSC, BOP and P. intermedia during the menstrual cycles of women with periodontitis.
- Subjects
SEX hormones; PERIODONTITIS; PERIODONTAL disease; SULFUR compounds; OVULATION; MENSTRUAL cycle
- Publication
Journal of Periodontal Research, 2010, Vol 45, Issue 5, p681
- ISSN
0022-3484
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/j.1600-0765.2010.01285.x