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- Title
Proximity to a Major Road and Plasma Cytokines in School-Aged Children.
- Authors
Rosser, Franziska; Forno, Erick; Brehm, John; Yueh-Ying Han; Boutaoui, Nadia; Colón-Semidey, Angel; Alvarez, Marĺa; Acosta-Pérez, Edna; Kurland, Kristen S.; Alcorn, John F.; Canino, Glorisa; Celedón, Juan C.
- Abstract
Traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) may affect immune responses, including those in the TH2 and TH17 pathways. To examine whether TRAP is associated with plasma level of TH17-, TH1-, and TH2-related cytokines in children with and without asthma, a cross-sectional study of 577 children (ages 6-14 years) with (n = 294) and without (n = 283) asthma in San Juan (Puerto Rico) was performed. Residential distance to a major road was estimated using geocoded home addresses for study participants. A panel of 14 cytokines, enriched for the TH17 pathway, was measured in plasma. Asthma was defined as physician-diagnosed asthma and current wheeze. Multivariable linear regression was used to examine the association of residential distance to a major road (a marker of TRAP), asthma, and cytokine levels. Among all participating children, residential proximity to a major road was significantly associated with increased plasma level of IL-31, even after adjustment for relevant covariates and correction for multiple testing. The presence of asthma modified the estimated effect of the residential distance to a major road on plasma TNF-α (P for interaction = 0.00047). Although living farther from a major road was significantly associated with lower TNF-a level in control subjects, no such decrease was seen in children with asthma. In a direct comparison of cases and control subjects, children with asthma had significantly higher levels of IL-1β, IL-22, and IL-33 than control subjects. TRAP is associated with increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines among Puerto Rican children, who belong to an ethnic group with high risk for asthma.
- Subjects
PUERTO Rico; ASTHMA risk factors; AIR pollution; ASTHMA; CYTOKINES; INTERLEUKINS; MULTIVARIATE analysis; POPULATION geography; PROBABILITY theory; REGRESSION analysis; TUMOR necrosis factors; ENVIRONMENTAL exposure; MULTIPLE regression analysis; STATISTICAL significance; CROSS-sectional method; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; CHILDREN
- Publication
Pediatric Allergy, Immunology & Pulmonology, 2016, Vol 29, Issue 3, p111
- ISSN
2151-321X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1089/ped.2016.0649