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- Title
AMH is Higher Across the Menstrual Cycle in Early Postmenarchal Girls than in Ovulatory Women.
- Authors
Ortega, Madison T; Carlson, Lauren; McGrath, John A; Kangarloo, Tairmae; Adams, Judith Mary; Sluss, Patrick M; Lambert-Messerlian, Geralyn; Shaw, Natalie D
- Abstract
<bold>Context: </bold>Adolescents have more small, growing follicles and larger ovaries than normal women and are prone to anovulatory cycles (ANOV). It is unknown if a higher antral follicle count (AFC) per se contributes to ANOV in early postmenarchal girls.<bold>Objective: </bold>To determine the relationship between AMH (an AFC biomarker), other reproductive hormones, and ANOV in postmenarchal girls and to compare AMH in girls and regularly cycling adults.<bold>Methods: </bold>A total of 23 girls (1.7 ± 0.2 years postmenarche) and 32 historic adult controls (≤34 years) underwent serial hormone measurements during 1 to 2 menstrual cycles. Girls also had pelvic ultrasounds. AMH was measured 5 times/subject using the Ansh ultrasensitive ELISA.<bold>Results: </bold>Girls had higher AMH than women (5.2 ± 0.3 vs. 3.3 ± 0.4 ng/mL; P < 0.01) and girls with more ovulatory (OV) cycles tended to have lower AMH than those with ANOV (2 OV 4.5 ± 0.2, 1 OV 5.7 ± 1.1, 0 OV 6.8 ± 1.1 ng/mL; P = 0.1). In girls, AMH correlated with natural-log (ln) transformed LH (r = 0.5, P = 0.01), ln_androstenedione (r = 0.6, P = 0.003), ln_testosterone (r = 0.5, P = 0.02), and ovarian volume (r = 0.7, P < 0.01) but not with FSH, estradiol, P4, or body mass index. In women, AMH correlated with estradiol and P4 (both r = -0.4, P ≤ 0.03) but not with ln_LH or body mass index.<bold>Conclusions: </bold>In postmenarchal girls, AMH is higher than in ovulatory women and is associated with LH, androgens, and a propensity for anovulatory cycles. The cause of the transient increase in AMH and AFC during late puberty and the steps underlying the transition to a mature ovary deserve further study.
- Subjects
MENARCHE; MENSTRUAL cycle; GIRLS; OVARIES; PUBERTY
- Publication
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2020, pN.PAG
- ISSN
0021-972X
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1210/clinem/dgaa059