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- Title
Symptoms and Characteristics of Individuals with Profound Hyponatremia: A Prospective Multicenter Observational Study.
- Authors
Nigro, Nicole; Winzeler, Bettina; Suter‐Widmer, Isabelle; Schuetz, Philipp; Arici, Birsen; Bally, Martina; Blum, Claudine; Bingisser, Roland; Bock, Andreas; Huber, Andreas; Müller, Beat; Nickel, Christian H.; Christ‐Crain, Mirjam
- Abstract
Objectives To assess symptoms and characteristics of hyponatremia, the most common electrolyte disturbance in hospitalized individuals and a condition that is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Design Prospective observational multicenter study. Setting Two Swiss academic centers. Participants Individuals with profound hypoosmolar hyponatremia (sodium <125 mmol/L) (N = 298). Measurements All symptoms and complete medical history including current medications, therapy management, and in-hospital outcomes were recorded. Results The median age of all participants was 71 (interquartile range ( IQR) 60-80), 195 (65%) were female, and mean serum sodium value on admission was 120 mmol/L ( IQR 116-123 mmol/L). Frequent clinical symptoms were nausea (n = 130, 44%), acute vomiting (n = 91, 30%), generalized weakness (n = 205, 69%), fatigue (n = 175, 59%), gait disturbance (n = 92, 31%), recurrent falls (n = 47, 16%), and acute falls (n = 60, 20%). Fractures were reported in 11 participants (4%). More-severe symptoms such as acute epileptic seizures and focal neurological deficits were identified in 16 (5%) and 17 (5%) participants, respectively. The most common comorbidities were hypertension (n = 199, 67%), congestive heart failure (n = 44, 15%), chronic renal failure (n = 64, 21%), pulmonary disease (82, 28%), and central nervous system disease (n = 114, 38%). During hospitalization, 12 (4%) participants died, and 103 (35%) needed treatment in the intensive care unit. Conclusion A wide spectrum of symptoms accompanies profound hyponatremia. Most participants had moderate symptoms mirroring chronic hyponatremia with brain cell adaptation. Participants with profound hyponatremia had several comorbidities.
- Subjects
SWITZERLAND; ACCIDENTAL falls; FATIGUE (Physiology); HYPONATREMIA; LONGITUDINAL method; MEDICAL cooperation; SCIENTIFIC observation; RESEARCH; COMORBIDITY; DATA analysis software; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; GLASGOW Coma Scale; SYMPTOMS
- Publication
Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2015, Vol 63, Issue 3, p470
- ISSN
0002-8614
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/jgs.13325