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- Title
Activatable fluorescent probes for imaging and diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis.
- Authors
Luo, Pan; Gao, Fu-Qiang; Sun, Wei; Li, Jun-You; Wang, Cheng; Zhang, Qing-Yu; Li, Zhi-Zhuo; Xu, Peng
- Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease that is primarily manifested as synovitis and polyarticular opacity and typically leads to serious joint damage and irreversible disability, thus adversely affecting locomotion ability and life quality. Consequently, good prognosis heavily relies on the early diagnosis and effective therapeutic monitoring of RA. Activatable fluorescent probes play vital roles in the detection and imaging of biomarkers for disease diagnosis and in vivo imaging. Herein, we review the fluorescent probes developed for the detection and imaging of RA biomarkers, namely reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (hypochlorous acid, peroxynitrite, hydroxyl radical, nitroxyl), pH, and cysteine, and address the related challenges and prospects to inspire the design of novel fluorescent probes and the improvement of their performance in RA studies.
- Subjects
RHEUMATOID arthritis diagnosis; FLUORESCENT probes; RHEUMATOID arthritis; SYNOVITIS; REACTIVE oxygen species; HYDROXYL group; AUTOIMMUNE diseases
- Publication
Military Medical Research, 2023, Vol 10, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
2095-7467
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1186/s40779-023-00467-7