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- Title
ROOT HAIR DEFECTIVE3 Family of Dynamin-Like GTPases Mediates Homotypic Endoplasmic Reticulum Fusion and Is Essential for Arabidopsis Development.
- Authors
Miao Zhang; Fuyun Wu; Juanming Shi; Yimeng Zhu; Zhengmao Zhu; Qingqiu Gong; Junjie Hu
- Abstract
In all eukaryotic cells, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) forms a tubular network whose generation requires the fusion of ER membranes. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), the membrane-bound GTPase ROOT HAIR DEFECTIVE3 (RHD3) is a potential candidate to mediate ER fusion. In addition, Arabidopsis has two tissue-specific isoforms of RHD3, namely RHD3-like (RL) proteins, and their function is not clear. Here, we show that a null allele of RHD3, rhd3-8, causes growth defects and shortened root hairs. A point mutant, rhd3-1, exhibits a more severe growth phenotype than the null mutant, likely because it exerts a dominant-negative effect on the RL proteins. Genetic analysis reveals that the double deletion of RHD3 and RL1 is lethal and that the rhd3 rl2 plants produce no viable pollen, suggesting that the RL proteins are redundant to RHD3. RHD3 family proteins can replace Sey1p, the homolog of RHD3 in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), in the maintenance of ER morphology, and they are able to fuse membranes both in vivo and in vitro. Our results suggest that RHD3 proteins mediate ER fusion and are essential for plant development and that the formation of the tubular ER network is of general physiological significance.
- Subjects
GTPASE-activating protein; GUANOSINE triphosphatase genetics; PHOSPHATASE regulation; ENDOPLASMIC reticulum; PLANT cytology; ARABIDOPSIS; PHYSIOLOGY; PLANTS
- Publication
Plant Physiology, 2013, Vol 163, Issue 2, p713
- ISSN
0032-0889
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1104/pp.113.224501