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- Title
METHODS OF MONITORING INSULIN-DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS IN THE AGE OF TECHNOLOGY.
- Authors
Albu, Maria; Grama, Alina Corina
- Abstract
Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an endocrine disorder in which pancreatic β-cells stop producing insulin, usually due to autoimmune destruction. This leads to hyperglycemia and ketosis. CGM (continous glucose monitoring system) and CSII (Continous subcutaneous insulin infusion system) are modern methods to manage T1D. Objective: Our main objectives were to group the patients diagnosed with T1D according to age at diagnosis, sex, environment, method of onset, personal pathological and hereditary history, to compare the HbA1c level in patients using CGM/CSII vs classically monitored patients and to identify the impact of modern blood glucose monitoring methods on the quality of life (QoL). Material and methods: 143 T1D patients in the Pediatric Clinic I of the Târgu Mureş County Emergency Clinical Hospital. A retrospective, observational analytical study, that includes patients admitted between January 1, 2019 and December 31, 2023. The mandatory inclusion criterion is the diagnosis of T1D. 20 (13,98%) of the patients included in the study group use an insulin pump, 18 of them having an augmented pump-sensor system.A form was completed by the legal representatives of the pediatric patients. The data was analysed in Excel. Results : Diabetic ketoacidosis (79%) was the main way of onset, compared to the remaining 21% diagnosed following routine medical tests or intercurrents. 61 (42.7%) use CGM, while 82 (57.3%) are monitored classically. A statistically significant difference was observed (p<0.0001 Chi square test) comparing the CGM users and classically monitored patients, highlighting a significantly higher incidence of values above 8% (46.3% vs 9.8%) in those without a sensor, respectively a significantly higher incidence of HbA1c below 8% (better glycemic control) in those using CGM. 100% of the CGM users argued that hypoglycemia is easier to prevent with the help of the sensor. A statistically significant difference was observed (p<0.0008 Chi square test) comparing the CSII users vs insulin pen users. A significantly higher incidence of values above 8% of HbA1c, therefore a poor glycemic control, was observed in patients without a pump (35% vs 0%), respectively a significantly higher incidence of HbA1c<8% values (better glycemic control) in those with CSII. The transition to modern monitoring systems was considered easy by the most of the users and parents. 90% of the CGM users and 100% of the CSII users considered that the new technologies increase the QoL. Conclusions: CGM and CSII are modern medical tools that determine both the improvement of metabolic control (HbA1c) and increase the QoL in T1D patients.
- Subjects
ROMANIA; TYPE 1 diabetes; GLYCOSYLATED hemoglobin; INSULIN; CONFERENCES &; conventions; ROUTINE diagnostic tests; QUALITY of life; TECHNOLOGY; BLOOD sugar monitoring
- Publication
Acta Marisiensis. Seria Medica, 2024, Vol 70, p42
- ISSN
2668-7755
- Publication type
Article