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- Title
First description of the breeding biology of the North Philippine Hawk-Eagle (Nisaetus philippensis).
- Authors
Gan, Jelaine L.; Tapang, Giovanni A.; Española, Carmela P.
- Abstract
This study presents the first description of the breeding biology of the IUCN Endangered North Philippine Hawk-Eagle (Nisaetus philippensis). We describe a single pair's breeding phenology, nest characteristics, diet, chick development, and behavior through on-the-ground and remote observations from 1 February to 14 May 2020. Due to limited mobility during the COVID-19 pandemic, we improvised a video recording setup for remote monitoring and used machine learning to extract data from images. The nest was a low cup/fork type stick nest placed on a Malabulak tree (Bombax ceiba) in a heavily disturbed secondary forest. When it was first found, the incubation stage was underway and lasted for 1 month as the nestling emerged on 1 March 2020. Both adults provided parental care throughout the breeding period, with the male primarily providing food and the female attending to the nest, egg, and chick. They preyed on a wide range of vertebrates such as lizards, ground birds, bats, rodents, and domestic animals. With a single egg per clutch and a relatively long breeding cycle, the species has a slow reproductive output that may contribute to its current threatened status. Makikita sa pag-aaral na ito ang unang paglalarawan ng biolohiya ng pag-aanak ng IUCN Endangered na North Philippine Hawk-eagle (Nisaetus philippensis). Inilarawan namin ang penolohiya ng pag-aanak, katangian ng pugad, karaniwang pagkain, paglaki ng sisiw, at pagkilos ng isang pares ng magulang sa pamamagitan ng obserbasyon mula 1 Pebrero hanggang 14 Mayo 2020. Dahil sa limitadong mobilidad sa panahon ng pandemyang COVID-19, nag-improbisa kami ng video recording setup para sa malayuang pagsubaybay at gumamit ng machine learning para makakuha ng datos mula sa mga imahe. Ang pugad ay isang low cup o fork type na gawa sa mga patpat at nakapatong sa isang punong Malabulak (Bombax ceiba) sa isang sekundaryong gubat malapit sa mga tao. Nang una itong natuklasan, nakapagsimula na ang yugto ng paglilimlim na tumagal ng isang buwan. Lumabas ang sisiw noong 1 Marso 2020. Inalagaan ng dalawang magulang ang sisiw sa buong panahon ng pag-aanak, ang lalaki ang pangunahing naghanap ng pagkain samantalang ang babae ang nagbantay sa pugad, itlog, at sisiw. Kumain sila ng iba't ibang uri ng vertebrates katulad ng mga bayawak, tikling, paniki, daga, at domestikong hayop. Dahil paisa-isa lamang ang kanilang pangingitlog at may kahabaan ang siklo ng pag-aanak, matagal ang proseso ng pagpapalahi nila na maaaring isa sa mga dahilan kung bakit ito nanganganib ngayon.
- Subjects
INTERNATIONAL Union for Conservation of Nature &; Natural Resources; SEXUAL cycle; BIOLOGY; DOMESTIC animals; SECONDARY forests; VIDEO recording; BREEDING; BIRD eggs
- Publication
Wilson Journal of Ornithology, 2022, Vol 134, Issue 1, p77
- ISSN
1559-4491
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1676/21-00018