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- Title
Computed tomography of the head for adult patients with minor head injury: are clinical decision rules a necessary evil?
- Authors
Wei Tan, Desmond; Mei En Lim, Annabelle; Yuxuan Ong, Daniel; Li Lee Peng; Yiong Huak Chan; Ibrahim, Irwani; Win Sen Kuan; Tan, Desmond Wei; Lim, Annabelle Mei En; Ong, Daniel Yuxuan; Peng, Li Lee; Chan, Yiong Huak; Kuan, Win Sen
- Abstract
<bold>Introduction: </bold>This study aimed to evaluate compliance with and performance of the Canadian Computed Tomography Head Rule (CCHR), and its applicability to the Singapore adult population with minor head injury.<bold>Methods: </bold>We conducted a retrospective study over six months of consecutive patients who presented to the adult emergency department (ED) with minor head injury. Data on predictor variables indicated in the CCHR was collected and compliance with the CCHR was assessed by comparing the recommendations for head computed tomography (CT) to its actual usage.<bold>Results: </bold>In total, 349 patients satisfied the inclusion criteria. Common mechanisms of injury were falls (59.3%), motor vehicle crashes (16.9%) and assault (12.0%). 249 (71.3%) patients underwent head CT, yielding 42 (12.0%) clinically significant findings. 1 (0.3%) patient required neurosurgical intervention. According to the CCHR, head CT was recommended for 209 (59.9%) patients. Compliance with the CCHR was 71.3%. Among the noncompliant group, head CT was overperformed for 20.1% and underperformed for 8.6% of patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that absence of retrograde amnesia (odds ratio [OR] 4.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.8-9.7) was associated with noncompliance to the CCHR. Factors associated with underperformance were absence of motor vehicle crashes as a mechanism of injury (OR 6.6, 95% CI 1.2-36.3) and absence of headache (OR 10.8, 95% CI 1.3-87.4).<bold>Conclusion: </bold>Compliance with the CCHR for adult patients with minor head injury remains low in the ED. A qualitative review of physicians' practices and patients' preferences may be carried out to evaluate reasons for noncompliance.
- Subjects
CANADA; COMPUTED tomography; HEAD injuries; MEDICAL emergencies; EMERGENCY medicine; ACCIDENTAL falls; LOGISTIC regression analysis; DECISION making; DECISION support systems; HEAD; INFORMATION storage &; retrieval systems; MEDICAL databases; MEDICAL protocols; MULTIVARIATE analysis; TRAFFIC accidents; VIOLENCE; RETROSPECTIVE studies; GLASGOW Coma Scale; ODDS ratio
- Publication
Singapore Medical Journal, 2018, Vol 59, Issue 4, p199
- ISSN
0037-5675
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.11622/smedj.2017046