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- Title
Secretory PLA<sub>2</sub>-IIA: a new inflammatory factor for Alzheimer's disease.
- Authors
Moses, Guna S. D.; Jensen, Michael D.; Lue, Lih-Fen; Walker, Douglas G.; Sun, Albert Y.; Simonyi, Agnes; Sun, Grace Y.
- Abstract
Secretory phospholipase A2-IIA (sPLA2-IIA) is an inflammatory protein known to play a role in the pathogenesis of many inflammatory diseases. Although this enzyme has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, there has not been a direct demonstration of its expression in diseased human brain. In this study, we show that sPLA2-IIA mRNA is up-regulated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains as compared to non-demented elderly brains (ND). We also report a higher percentage of sPLA2-IIA-immunoreactive astrocytes present in AD hippocampus and inferior temporal gyrus (ITG). In ITG, the majority of sPLA2-IIA-positive astrocytes were associated with amyloid β (Aβ)-containing plaques. Studies with human astrocytes in culture demonstrated the ability of oligomeric Aβ1-42 and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) to induce sPLA2-IIA mRNA expression, indicating that this gene is among those induced by inflammatory cytokines. Since exogenous sPLA2-IIA has been shown to cause neuronal injury, understanding the mechanism(s) and physiological consequences of sPLA2-IIA upregulation in AD brain may facilitate the development of novel therapeutic strategies to inhibit the inflammatory responses and to retard the progression of the disease.
- Subjects
PHOSPHOLIPASE A2; ALZHEIMER'S disease; ETIOLOGY of diseases; NEURODEGENERATION; ENZYMES
- Publication
Journal of Neuroinflammation, 2006, Vol 3, p1
- ISSN
1742-2094
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1186/1742-2094-3-28