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- Title
In vitro distinction between proinflammatory and antiinflammatory macrophages with gadolinium-liposomes and ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide particles at 3.0T.
- Authors
Khaled, Wassef; Piraquive, Joao; Leporq, Benjamin; Wan, Jing Hong; Lambert, Simon A.; Mignet, Nathalie; Doan, Bich‐Thuy; Lotersztajn, Sophie; Garteiser, Philippe; Van Beers, Bernard E.; Doan, Bich-Thuy
- Abstract
<bold>Background: </bold>Inflammation involves a heterogeneous macrophage population, for which there is no readily available MR assessment method.<bold>Purpose: </bold>To assess the feasibility of distinguishing proinflammatory M1 and antiinflammatory M2 macrophages at MRI enhanced with gadolinium liposomes or ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide particles.<bold>Study Type: </bold>In vitro.<bold>Specimen: </bold>We employed cultured RAW macrophages. M0 macrophages were polarized with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or interleukin-4 (IL-4), resulting in M1 or M2 macrophages. The macrophages were incubated with gadolinium (±rhodamine) liposomes or iron oxide particles and cell pellets were prepared for MRI.<bold>Field Strength/sequence: </bold>Transverse relaxation rates and quantitative susceptibility were obtained at 3.0T with multiecho turbo spin echo and spoiled gradient echo sequences.<bold>Assessment: </bold>MRI results were compared with confocal microscopy, flow cytometry, and expression of endocytosis, M1 and M2 genes.<bold>Statistical Tests: </bold>Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed.<bold>Results: </bold>Higher transverse relaxation rates and susceptibility were observed in M1 than in M2 and M0 macrophages (P < 0.01 both with liposomes and USPIO) and significantly different susceptibility in M2 and M0 macrophages (P < 0.01 both with liposomes and USPIO). These MRI results were confirmed at confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. LPS macrophages displayed M1 gene expression, whereas IL-4 macrophages showed M2 polarization and lower endocytosis gene expression rates.<bold>Data Conclusion: </bold>These in vitro results show that it is feasible to distinguish between proinflammatory M1 and antiinflammatory M2 macrophages according to their level of contrast agent uptake at MRI.<bold>Level Of Evidence: </bold>1 Technical Efficacy: Stage 1 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;49:1166-1173.
- Publication
Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 2019, Vol 49, Issue 4, p1166
- ISSN
1053-1807
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1002/jmri.26331