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- Title
Dissemination of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus USA300 Sequence Type 8 Lineage in Latin America.
- Authors
Reyes, Jinnethe; Rincón, Sandra; Díaz, Lorena; Panesso, Diana; Contreras, Germán A.; Zurita, Jeannete; Carrillo, Carlos; Rizzi, Adele; Guzmán, Manuel; Adachi, Javier; Chowdhury, Shahreen; Murray, Barbara E.; Arias, Cesar A.
- Abstract
Background. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococus aureus (MRSA) is an important nosocomial and communityassociated (CA) pathogen. Recently, a variant of the MRSA USA300 clone emerged and disseminated in South America, causing important clinical problems. Methods. S. aureus isolates were prospectively collected (2006-2008) from 32 tertiary hospitals in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela. MRSA isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing and pulsedfield gel electrophoresis and were categorized as health care-associated (HA)-like or CA-like clones on the basis of genotypic characteristics and detection of genes encoding Panton-Valentine leukocidin and staphylococcal cassette chromosome (SCC) mec IV. In addition, multilocus sequence typing of representative isolates of each major CAMRSA pulsotype was performed, and the presence of USA300-associated toxins and the arcA gene was investigated for all isolates categorized as CA-MRSA. Results. A total of 1570 S. aureus were included; 651 were MRSA (41%)-with the highest rate of MRSA isolation in Peru (62%) and the lowest in Venezuela (26%)-and 71%, 27%, and 2% were classified as HA-like, CA-like, and non-CA/HA-like clones, respectively. Only 9 MRSA isolates were confirmed to have reduced susceptibility to glycopeptides (glycopeptide-intermediate S. aureus phenotype). The most common pulsotype (designated ComA) among the CA-like MRSA strains was found in 96% of isolates, with the majority (81%) having a ⩽6-band difference with the USA 300-0114 strain. Representative isolates of this clone were sequence type 8; however, unlike the USA300-0114 strain, they harbored a different SCCmec IV subtype and lacked arcA (an indicator of the arginine catabolic mobile element). Conclusion. A variant CA-MRSA USA300 clone has become established in South America and, in some countries, is endemic in hospital settings.
- Subjects
STAPHYLOCOCCUS aureus; METHICILLIN resistance; MICROBIAL sensitivity tests; ELECTROPHORESIS; PHENOTYPES; GENES; TOXINS; GLYCOPEPTIDES; GENOTYPE-environment interaction; MEDICAL care
- Publication
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2009, Vol 49, Issue 12, p1861
- ISSN
1058-4838
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1086/648426