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- Title
Photodynamic Inactivation of an Endodontic Bacteria Using Diode Laser and Indocyanine Green-Loaded Nanosphere.
- Authors
Higuchi, Naoya; Hayashi, Jun-ichiro; Fujita, Masanori; Iwamura, Yuki; Sasaki, Yasuyuki; Goto, Ryoma; Ohno, Tasuku; Nishida, Eisaku; Yamamoto, Genta; Kikuchi, Takeshi; Mitani, Akio; Fukuda, Mitsuo
- Abstract
Apical periodontitis, an inflammatory lesion causing bone resorption around the apex of teeth, is treated by eradicating infectious bacteria from the root canal. However, it has a high recurrence rate and often requires retreatment. We investigated the bactericidal effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT)/photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) using indocyanine green (ICG)-loaded nanospheres coated with chitosan and a diode laser on a biofilm of Enterococcus faecalis, a pathogen of refractory apical periodontitis. Biofilm of E. faecalis was cultured in a porcine infected root canal model. ICG solution was injected into the root canal, which was then irradiated with a laser (810 nm wavelength) from outside the root canal. The bactericidal effect was evaluated by colony counts and scanning electron microscopy. The result of the colony counts showed a maximum 1.89 log reduction after irradiation at 2.1 W for 5 min. The temperature rise during aPDT/PACT was confirmed to be within a safe range. Furthermore, the light energy transmittance through the root was at a peak approximately 1 min after the start of irradiation, indicating that most of the ICG in the root canal was consumed. This study shows that aPDT/PACT can suppress E. faecalis in infected root canals with high efficiency.
- Subjects
BACTERIAL inactivation; SEMICONDUCTOR lasers; TOOTH roots; DENTAL pulp cavities; PERIAPICAL periodontitis; ENTEROCOCCUS faecalis; CONE beam computed tomography
- Publication
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2021, Vol 22, Issue 16, p8384
- ISSN
1661-6596
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/ijms22168384