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- Title
Ten-year changes in plasma L-carnitine levels and risk of coronary heart disease.
- Authors
Heianza, Yoriko; Ma, Wenjie; DiDonato, Joseph A.; Sun, Qi; Rimm, Eric B.; Hu, Frank B.; Rexrode, Kathryn M.; Manson, JoAnn E.; Qi, Lu
- Abstract
Purpose: L-Carnitine is abundant in animal source foods, particularly red meat, and circulating L-carnitine may be related to the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD). We investigated whether long-term changes in plasma L-carnitine over 10 years were associated with the CHD incidence and also examined joint associations of carnitine-rich red meat consumption and L-carnitine changes on the subsequent risk of CHD. Methods: This prospective nested case–control study included 772 healthy women at baseline (386 incident CHD cases and 386 healthy controls). Plasma L-carnitine levels were measured both at the first (1989–90) and second blood collections (2000–02). Incident cases of CHD were prospectively followed from the date of the second blood collection through 2016. Results: Overall, a greater increase in L-carnitine from the first to the second time point was related to a higher risk of CHD, regardless of the initial L-carnitine levels (relative risk: 1.36 (95% CI 0.999, 1.84) per 1-SD increase). The 10-year changes in L-carnitine were positively associated with red meat consumption over time, and women with higher red meat intake (≥ 36 g/day) and with greater increases in L-carnitine had a 1.86 (95% CI 1.13, 3.09) times increased risk of CHD, as compared to those with lower red meat intake and lesser increases in L-carnitine. Conclusion: Long-term increases in L-carnitine levels were associated with the subsequent incidence of CHD, especially among women with higher intake of red meat. Our results suggest the importance of atherogenic L-carnitine changes and dietary intakes over time in the prevention of CHD.
- Subjects
CORONARY heart disease risk factors; CARNITINE; MEAT; CONFIDENCE intervals; TIME; CORONARY disease; DISEASE incidence; INGESTION; CASE-control method; BLOOD collection; RISK assessment; SEX distribution; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; LONGITUDINAL method
- Publication
European Journal of Nutrition, 2022, Vol 61, Issue 3, p1353
- ISSN
1436-6207
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s00394-021-02713-x