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- Title
Comparing Heterologous and Homologous COVID-19 Vaccination: A Longitudinal Study of Antibody Decay.
- Authors
Orlandi, Chiara; Stefanetti, Giuseppe; Barocci, Simone; Buffi, Gloria; Diotallevi, Aurora; Rocchi, Ettore; Ceccarelli, Marcello; Peluso, Sara; Vandini, Daniela; Carlotti, Eugenio; Magnani, Mauro; Galluzzi, Luca; Casabianca, Anna
- Abstract
The humoral response after vaccination was evaluated in 1248 individuals who received different COVID-19 vaccine schedules. The study compared subjects primed with adenoviral ChAdOx1-S (ChAd) and boosted with BNT162b2 (BNT) mRNA vaccines (ChAd/BNT) to homologous dosing with BNT/BNT or ChAd/ChAd vaccines. Serum samples were collected at two, four and six months after vaccination, and anti-Spike IgG responses were determined. The heterologous vaccination induced a more robust immune response than the two homologous vaccinations. ChAd/BNT induced a stronger immune response than ChAd/ChAd at all time points, whereas the differences between ChAd/BNT and BNT/BNT decreased over time and were not significant at six months. Furthermore, the kinetic parameters associated with IgG decay were estimated by applying a first-order kinetics equation. ChAd/BNT vaccination was associated with the longest time of anti-S IgG negativization and with a slow decay of the titer over time. Finally, analyzing factors influencing the immune response by ANCOVA analysis, it was found that the vaccine schedule had a significant impact on both the IgG titer and kinetic parameters, and having a Body Mass Index (BMI) above the overweight threshold was associated with an impaired immune response. Overall, the heterologous ChAd/BNT vaccination may offer longer-lasting protection against SARS-CoV-2 than homologous vaccination strategies.
- Subjects
CHAD; COVID-19 vaccines; IMMUNOGLOBULINS; HUMORAL immunity; BODY mass index; LONGITUDINAL method; IMMUNE response
- Publication
Viruses (1999-4915), 2023, Vol 15, Issue 5, p1162
- ISSN
1999-4915
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/v15051162