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- Title
Constructing highly safe and long-life calcium ion batteries based on hydratedvanadium oxide cathodes featuring a pillar structure.
- Authors
Wang, Chun-Fang; Zhang, Shi-Wei; Huang, Lan; Zhu, Yuan-Min; Liu, Feng; Wang, Jian-Chuan; Tan, Li-Ming; Zhi, Chun-Yi; Han, Cui-Ping
- Abstract
Calcium-ion batteries (CIBs) have generated intense interest due to the growing demand for safer, cheaper, and large-scale energy storage systems. However, their development is still in its infancy, owing to the lack of suitable cathodes for sustaining reversible Ca2+ intercalation/deintercalation. Herein, layered H2V3O8 (HVO) with Zn2+ pre-insertion (ZHVO) is reported as a high-rate and highly durable cathode material for CIBs. The existence of Zn2+ and H2O pillars could expand the interlayer spacing up to 1.8 nm, which is favorable for the diffusion of bulky Ca2+. The formation of Zn–O bonds facilitates electron transfer and enhances electrical conduction. Consequently, the ZHVO cathode achieves superior capacity performance (213.9 mAh·g−1 at 0.2 A·g−1) and long lifespan (78.3% for 1,000 cycles at 5 A·g−1) compared to pristine HVO. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that Zn2+ moved during Ca2+ intercalation, thereby reducing the diffusion energy barrier and facilitating Ca2+ diffusion. Finally, a safe aqueous calcium ion cell was successfully assembled.
- Publication
Rare Metals, 2024, Vol 43, Issue 6, p2597
- ISSN
1001-0521
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s12598-023-02613-5