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- Title
Reducing Carbon Contamination by Controlling CO32− Formation During Electrochemical Reduction of TiO2.
- Authors
Ma, Tongxiang; Luo, Xiangyu; Yang, Yu; Hu, Meilong; Wen, Liangying; Zhang, Shengfu; Hu, Liwen
- Abstract
Molten salt electrolysis is a clean and low-cost Ti production technology that allows the direct conversion of metal oxides into metals or alloys via electrochemical reduction. However, carbon contamination can always be found due to the formation of CO32− and erosion of the graphite anode during electrolysis. Herein, we explore the reduction of carbon contamination by controlling CO32− formation. By adjusting the electrolyte composition, it is possible to improve the wettability between the molten salt and the anode and reduce the O2− solubility in molten salt to reduce CO32− formation. This approach reduces carbon contamination, and the current efficiency is also increased by adding 30 wt pct KCl to pure molten CaCl2. The carbon content in the cathode product decreased by 94 pct and the current efficiency was increased by 51 pct, compared with electrolysis in pure CaCl2 molten salt. In addition, the anode corrosion decreased, and the weight loss of the graphite anode decreased by approximately 65 pct after 18 hours of electrolysis.
- Subjects
METALLIC oxides; TITANIUM dioxide; CARBON; ALLOYS; FUSED salts; ELECTROLYTIC reduction; ELECTROLYSIS; GRAPHITE
- Publication
Metallurgical & Materials Transactions. Part B, 2021, Vol 52, Issue 2, p1061
- ISSN
1073-5615
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s11663-021-02078-w