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- Title
Evolution of vacuum fluctuations of an ultra-light massive scalar field generated during and before inflation.
- Authors
Hajime Aoki; Satoshi Iso
- Abstract
We consider an ultra-light scalar field with a mass comparable to (or lighter than) the Hubble parameter of the present universe, and calculate the time evolution of the energy-momentum tensor of the vacuum fluctuations generated during and before inflation until the late-time radiation-dominated and matter-dominated universe. The equation of state changes from w = 1/3 in the early universe to w = -1 at present, and it can give a candidate for the dark energy that we observe today. It then oscillates between w = -1 and 1 with the amplitude of the energy density decaying as a-3. If the fluctuations are generated during ordinary inflation with the Hubble parameter HI ≲ 10-5MPl, where MPl is the reduced Planck scale, we need a very large e-folding number N ≳ 1012 to explain the present dark energy of the order of 10-3 eV. If a Planckian universe with a large Hubble parameter HP ~ MPl existed before the ordinary inflation, an e-folding number N ~ 240 of the Planckian inflation is sufficient.
- Publication
Progress of Theoretical & Experimental Physics: PTEP, 2015, Vol 2015, Issue 11, p1
- ISSN
2050-3911
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1093/ptep/ptv150