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- Title
Protection versus pathology in aviremic and high viral load HIV-2 infection-the pivotal role of immune activation and T-cell kinetics.
- Authors
Hegedus, Andrea; Nyamweya, Samuel; Zhang, Yan; Govind, Sheila; Aspinall, Richard; Mashanova, Alla; Jansen, Vincent A A; Whittle, Hilton; Jaye, Assan; Flanagan, Katie L; Macallan, Derek C
- Abstract
<bold>Background: </bold>Many human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-2-infected individuals remain aviremic and behave as long-term non-progressors but some progress to AIDS. We hypothesized that immune activation and T-cell turnover would be critical determinants of non-progressor/progressor status.<bold>Methods: </bold>We studied 37 subjects in The Gambia, West Africa: 10 HIV-negative controls, 10 HIV-2-infected subjects with low viral loads (HIV-2-LV), 7 HIV-2-infected subjects with high viral loads (HIV-2-HV), and 10 with HIV-1 infection. We measured in vivo T-cell turnover using deuterium-glucose labeling, and correlated results with T-cell phenotype (by flow cytometry) and T-cell receptor excision circle (TREC) abundance.<bold>Results: </bold>Immune activation (HLA-DR/CD38 coexpression) differed between groups with a significant trend: controls <HIV-2-LV <HIV-1 <HIV-2-HV (P < .01 for all cell types). A similar trend was observed in the pattern of in vivo turnover of memory CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cells and TREC depletion in naive CD4(+) T-cells, although naive T-cell turnover was relatively unaffected by either infection. T-cell turnover, immune activation, and progressor status were closely associated.<bold>Conclusions: </bold>HIV-2 non-progressors have low rates of T-cell turnover (both CD4(+) and CD8(+)) and minimal immune activation; high viral load HIV-2 progressors had high values, similar to or exceeding those in HIV-1 infection.
- Publication
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2014, Vol 210, Issue 5, p752
- ISSN
0022-1899
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1093/infdis/jiu165