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- Title
MIDDLE ENGLISH AND SCOTS BULWERK AND SOME CONTINENTAL REFLEXES.
- Authors
Sayers, William
- Abstract
The article reports that as meanings for bulwark Old English dictionary lists two general applications, one figurative extension, and one more specific nautical use: a substantial defensive work of earth; (b) a break-water; (2) a powerful defense or safeguard and (3) the raised woodwork running along the sides of a vessel above the level of the deck. The general meanings are attested from the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. This note seeks to confirm the putative Scandinavian origin of bulwark, to determine, against the background of continental use, the point of entry of a Norse or Norse-derived term into Gallo-Romance and early English, and to explore the circumstances of the apparent assumption of the term into the lexis of nautical architecture.
- Subjects
MIDDLE English language; ENCYCLOPEDIAS &; dictionaries; OLD English philology; SCOTS; RENAISSANCE; DECORATIVE arts
- Publication
Notes & Queries, 2005, Vol 52, Issue 2, p164
- ISSN
0029-3970
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1093/notesj/gji206