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- Title
Advances in Imaging Modalities for Pediatric Brain and Spinal Cord Tumors.
- Authors
Huisman, Thierry A.G.M.; Patel, Rajan; Kralik, Stephen; Desai, Nilesh K.; Meoded, Avner; Chen, Karen; Weiner, Howard L.; Curry, Daniel J.; Lequin, Maarten; Kranendonk, Mariette; Orman, Gunes; Jallo, George
- Abstract
Background: Neuroimaging has evolved from anatomical imaging toward a multi-modality comprehensive anatomical and functional imaging in the past decades, important functional data like perfusion-weighted imaging, permeability imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), tractography, metabolic imaging, connectomics, event-related functional imaging, resting state functional imaging, and much more is now being offered. Summary: Precision diagnostics has proven to be essential for precision treatment. Many minimal invasive techniques have been developed, taking advantage of digital subtraction angiography and interventional neuroradiology. Furthermore, intraoperative CT and/or MRI and more recently MR-guided focused ultrasound have complemented the diagnostic and therapeutic armamentarium. Key Messages: In the current manuscript, we discuss standard imaging sequences including advanced techniques like DWI, DTI, susceptibility-weighted imaging, and 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy, various perfusion weighted imaging approaches including arterial spin labeling, dynamic contrast enhanced imaging, and dynamic susceptibility contrast imaging. Pre-, intra, and postoperative surgical imaging including visualize imaging will be discussed. The value of connectomics will be presented for its value in neuro-oncology. Minimal invasive therapeutic possibilities of interventional neuroradiology and image-guided laser ablation and MR-guided high-intensity-focused ultrasound will be presented for treatment of pediatric brain and spinal cord tumors. Finally, a comprehensive review of spinal cord tumors and matching neuropathology has been included.
- Subjects
DIGITAL subtraction angiography; DIFFUSION tensor imaging; NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy; DIFFUSION magnetic resonance imaging; ECHO-planar imaging; BRAIN imaging; PERFUSION imaging; SPINAL cord tumors
- Publication
Pediatric Neurosurgery, 2023, Vol 58, Issue 5, p240
- ISSN
1016-2291
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1159/000531998