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- Title
Effects of the biopesticide Zequanox<sup>®</sup> on reproduction and early development of the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas).
- Authors
Waller, Diane L.; Luoma, James A.
- Abstract
The biopesticide, Zequanox®, is registered for dreissenid mussel control in open water systems in the United States. Previoustoxicity trials with nontarget organisms, including several young-of-the-year fish species and invertebrates, demonstratedselectivity of Zequanox for dreissenid mussels, but data are lacking on the treatment-related effects on reproduction and earlylife stage development of fish. The present study evaluated the effects of Zequanox on spawning and early life stages of thefathead minnow, Pimephales promelas, after exposure to the maximum approved concentration [100 mg active ingredient(AI)/L] and exposure duration (8h) for open water application. The results showed no significant treatment-related effect ofZequanox on survival, condition, or cumulative egg production (21 d) in adult fathead minnow. Eggs (≤24-h old) exposed toZequanox developed to the eyed-stage at a similar rate to that of untreated eggs. Additionally, Zequanox did not have asignificant effect on survival and growth (90 d) of newly hatched larvae (≤24-h old). Zequanox may be an option for controlof dreissenid mussels in localized open water habitats where concerns exist regarding reproduction and recruitment of cyprinidsand related species.
- Subjects
BIOPESTICIDES; FATHEAD minnow; MOLLUSCICIDES; MARINE habitats; INTRODUCED aquatic species; REPRODUCTION
- Publication
Management of Biological Invasions, 2017, Vol 8, Issue 1, p125
- ISSN
1989-8649
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3391/mbi.2017.8.1.12