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- Title
Efficient Synthesis of Furfural from Corncob by a Novel Biochar-Based Heterogeneous Chemocatalyst in Choline Chloride: Maleic Acid–Water.
- Authors
Yang, Linsong; Li, Yucheng; Wu, Yuqi; He, Yucai; Ma, Cuiluan
- Abstract
The use of plentiful and renewable feedstock for producing chemicals is fundamental for the development of sustainable chemical processes. Using fish scale as a biobased carrier, a novel biochar SO42−/SnO2-FFS heterogeneous chemocatalyst was prepared to catalyze furfural production from xylose-rich corncob-hydrolysates obtained from acid hydrolysis of corncob in a deep eutectic solvent (DES)–water system. By characterizing the physical as well as chemical properties of SO42−/SnO2-FFS by NH3-TPD, FT-IR, XPS, XRD, and SEM, it was shown that the chemocatalyst had Lewis/Brönsted acid centers, and its surface roughness could be well expanded to contact substrates. The corncob was initially hydrolyzed at 140 °C to obtain xylose-rich hydrolysate. Subsequently, SO42−/SnO2-FFS (3.6 wt.%) was used to catalyze the corn cob hydrolysate containing D-xylose (20.0 g/L) at a reaction temperature of 170 °C for 15 min. Additionally, ZnCl2 (20.0 g/L) was added. Ultimately, furfural (93.8 mM, 70.5% yield) was produced in the deep eutectic solvent ChCl:maleic acid–water (DESMLA–water = 10:90, v/v). A synergistic catalytic mechanism for transforming xylose-rich corncob-hydrolysate into furfural and byproducts were proposed using SO42−/SnO2-FFS as a chemocatalyst in DESMLA–water containing ZnCl2. Consequently, the efficient use of biochar SO42−/SnO2-FFS chemocatalysts for the sustainable synthesis of biobased furan compounds from biomass holds great promise in the future.
- Subjects
MODERN Language Association of America; FURFURAL; CHOLINE chloride; CHEMICAL processes; CORNCOBS; SCALES (Fishes); SUSTAINABLE development; CHEMICAL properties
- Publication
Catalysts (2073-4344), 2023, Vol 13, Issue 9, p1277
- ISSN
2073-4344
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/catal13091277