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- Title
EVALUATION OF THE NUMBER OF TREG CELLS IN NORMAL MICE EXPOSED TO AFB1 AND TREATED WITH AGED GARLIC EXTRACT.
- Authors
LARYPOOR, MOHADDESEH; BAYAT, MANSOUR; HASSAN, ZAHIUR MOHAMMAD; SEPAHY, ABBAS AKHAVAN; AMANLOU, MASOUD
- Abstract
Introduction and Objectives: Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) suppresses immune system. To decrease such suppressive effects on the immune system, a wide range of herbal medicine like garlic is utilized. Biological activities of garlic in vitro and in vivo have also been verified. Our previous studies demonstrated that aged garlic (preserved dry garlic bulbs in the freezer for six months in -20 °C) have increased immunostimulator fractions and reduced immunosuppressor fractions. This study focuses on immunosuppressor activity of AFB1 and immunostimulator activity of aged garlic extract (AGE) through the evaluation of the number of CD4+ CD25+ FoxP3+ T regulator cells (Treg) and cytokine production pattern in Balb/c normal mice. Materials and Methods: In this experimental research, AFB1 was separated from Aspergillus flavus (PTCC 5004) by HPLC, AGE by Mantis method, and DTH was carried out to determine the effectiveness of AGE and AFB1 dosage, which can have an effect on the immune system. Subsequent experiments were carried out on 20 Balb/c mice to estimate the effects of AGE and AFB1 on the number of Treg cell in 4 groups: 10μl/kg/day of AFB1 and AGE diluents were administered for 4 consecutive days to group 1: AFB1, 2: control; 3: AGE + AFB1and 4: AGE via intraperitoneal (IP) route, respectively. Mice were sacrificed and splenocytes harvested and the percentage of splenic Treg cells was measured by flow cytometry analysis. ELISA method was utilized to measure Cytokine production. Results: The findings revealed that AGE increased the level of IFNγ and IL-4 cytokines produced from stimulated splenocyte by specific tumor antigen and decreased the number of Treg in spleen (P<0. 05). AFB1 increased the Treg number in spleen and decreased cytokine production (P <0. 05). In group 2 (control) and 4 (AGE) the Treg rate decreased (P value<0. 05) and in groups 1 and 3 Treg number was increased (P <0. 05) Conclusion: This study indicated that AGE is able to alter the cytokine production in normal mice into a Th1 protective pattern is favorable to immune system in general and anti-tumor immunity in particular. AFB1 is able to alter the cytokine production into a Th2 protective pattern. Therefore, AGE might be used as herbal medicine with few side effects as compared to chemotherapy in treating cancers caused by substances like AFB1.
- Subjects
THERAPEUTIC use of garlic; IMMUNE system; HERBAL medicine; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE agents; PLANT extracts; FLOW cytometry; CANCER chemotherapy; LABORATORY mice
- Publication
Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology, 2013, p43
- ISSN
2008-3645
- Publication type
Article