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- Title
Degradation of methamidophos by Hyphomicrobium species MAP-1 and the biochemical degradation pathway.
- Authors
Wang, Li; Wen, Yang; Guo, Xinqing; Wang, Guangli; Li, Shunpeng; Jiang, Jiandong
- Abstract
Methamidophos is one of the most widely used organophosphorus insecticides usually detectable in the environment. A facultative methylotroph, Hyphomicrobium sp . MAP-1, capable of high efficiently degrading methamidophos, was isolated from methamidophos-contaminated soil in China. It was found that the addition of methanol significantly promoted the growth of strain MAP-1 and enhanced its degradation of methamidophos. Further, this strain could utilize methamidophos as its sole carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus source for growth and could completely degrade 3,000 mg l−1 methamidophos in 84 h under optimal conditions (pH 7.0, 30°C). The enzyme responsible for methamidophos degradation was mainly located on the cell inner membrane (90.4%). During methamidophos degradation, three metabolites were detected and identified based on tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis. Using this information, a biochemical degradation pathway of methamidophos by Hyphomicrobium sp. MAP-1 was proposed for the first time. Methamidophos is first cleaved at the P–N bond to form O,S-dimethyl hydrogen thiophosphate and NH3. Subsequently, O,S-dimethyl hydrogen thiophosphate is hydrolyzed at the P–O bond to release –OCH3 and form S-methyl dihydrogen thiophosphate. O,S-dimethyl hydrogen thiophosphate can also be hydrolyzed at the P–S bond to release –SCH3 and form methyl dihydrogen phosphate. Finally, S-methyl dihydrogen thiophosphate and methyl dihydrogen phosphate are likely transformed into phosphoric acid.
- Subjects
CHINA; ORGANOPHOSPHORUS compounds; METHYLOTROPHIC microorganisms; BIODEGRADATION; TANDEM mass spectrometry; GAS chromatography/Mass spectrometry (GC-MS); METABOLITES; SOIL pollution
- Publication
Biodegradation, 2010, Vol 21, Issue 4, p513
- ISSN
0923-9820
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s10532-009-9320-9