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- Title
High prevalence of sexually transmitted infections and risk factors among HIV-positive individuals in Yunnan, China.
- Authors
Wei Tu; Yu‑Ye Li; Yi‑Qun Kuang; Rong‑Hui Xie; Xing‑Qi Dong; Dan Zhang; Yan‑Ling Ma; Wan‑Yue Zhang; Lin Lu
- Abstract
Background: Yunnan has the highest rates of HIV in China. Other treatable sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are associated with accelerated HIV transmission and poor ART outcomes, but are only diagnosed by syndromic algorithms. Methods: We recruited 406 HIV-positive participants for a cross-sectional study (204 ART-naive and 202 receiving ART). Blood samples and frst-voided urine samples were collected. Real-time polymerase chain reaction methods were used for diagnosing Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhea (NG) and Mycoplasma genitalium (MG). Syphilis and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) tests were also performed. Results: Among the 406 participants, the overall prevalence of STIs was 47.0% and 45.1% in ART-naive individu‑ als and 49.0% in individuals receiving ART, respectively. The testing frequencies were 11.6% (11.8% vs. 11.4%), 33.2% (29.4% vs. 37.1%), 3.2% (3.4% vs. 3.0%), 2.0% (3.4% vs. 0.5%) and 4.7% (6.4% vs. 3.0%) for active syphilis, HSV-2, CT, NG and MG, respectively. The percentage of multiple infections in both groups was 10.8% (22/204) in ART-naive partici‑ pants and 9.9% (20/202) in participants receiving ART. Female sex, an age between 18 and 35 years, ever injecting drugs, homosexual or bisexual status, HIV/HBV coinfection, and not receiving ART were identifed as risk factors. Selfreported asymptomatic patients were not eliminated from having a laboratory-diagnosed STI. Conclusions: The STI prevalence was 47.0% (45.1% vs. 49.0%), and HSV-2, syphilis and MG were the most common STIs in HIV-infected individuals. We found a high prevalence (6.4%) of MG in ART-naive individuals. HIV-positive indi‑ viduals tend to neglect or hide their genital tract discomfort; thus, we suggest strengthening STI joint screening and treatment services among HIV-infected individuals regardless of whether they describe genital tract discomfort.
- Publication
European Journal of Medical Research, 2022, Vol 27, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
0949-2321
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1186/s40001-022-00635-w