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- Title
Real-World Effectiveness of Pentavalent Rotavirus Vaccine Among Bedouin and Jewish Children in Southern Israel.
- Authors
Leshem, Eyal; Givon-Lavi, Noga; Tate, Jacqueline E.; Greenberg, David; Parashar, Umesh D.; Dagan, Ron
- Abstract
Background. Pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RV5) was introduced into the Israeli National Immunization Program in January 2011. We determined RV5 vaccine effectiveness (VE) in southern Israel, a region characterized by 2 distinct populations: Bedouins living in a low- to middle-income, semirural setting, and Jews living in a high-income, urban setting. Methods. We enrolled vaccine-eligible children who visited the emergency department (ED) or were hospitalized due to acute gastroenteritis (AGE) during the first 3 rotavirus seasons after RV5 vaccine introduction (2011–2013). Fecal specimens were tested for rotavirus by enzyme immunoassay and genotyped. Vaccination among laboratory-confirmed rotavirus cases was compared with rotavirus-negative AGE controls. Regression models were used to calculate VE estimates by age, clinical setting, and ethnicity. Results. Of 515 enrolled patients, 359 (70%) were Bedouin. Overall, 185 (36%) patients were rotavirus positive; 79 of 119 (66%) were G1P[8] genotype. The adjusted VE for a full 3-dose course of RV5 against ED visit or hospitalization was 63% (95% confidence interval [CI], 38%–78%). RV5 provided G1P[8] genotype-specific effectiveness of 78% (95% CI, 58%–88%). By age, RV5 VE was 64% (95% CI, 21%–84%) and 71% (95% CI, 39%–86%) among children aged 6–11 months and 12–23 months, respectively. By clinical setting, RV5 VE was 59% (95% CI, 23%–78%) against hospitalization, and 67% (95% CI, 11%–88%) against ED visit. The adjusted VE of a full RV5 course among Bedouin children was 62% (95% CI, 29%–79%). Conclusions. RV5 significantly protected against rotavirus-associated ED visits and hospitalizations in a diverse population of vaccine-eligible children living in southern Israel.
- Subjects
ROTAVIRUS vaccines; VACCINE effectiveness; GASTROENTERITIS; BEDOUINS; JEWS; CONFIDENCE intervals
- Publication
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2016, Vol 62, pS155
- ISSN
1058-4838
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1093/cid/civ1012