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- Title
Inflammation, Insulin Resistance, and Adiposity.
- Authors
Kriketos, Adamandia D.; Greenfield, Jerry R.; Peake, Phil W.; Furler, Stuart M.; Denyer, Gareth S.; Charlesworth, John A.; Campbell, Lesley V.
- Abstract
OBJECTIVE — Inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) are associated with insulin resistance, adiposity, and type 2 diabetes. Whether inflammation causes insulin resistance or is an epiphenomenon of obesity remains unresolved. We aimed to determine whether first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetic subjects differ in insulin sensitivity from control subjects without a family history of diabetes, whether first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetic subjects and control subjects differ in CRP, adiponectin, and complement levels, and whether CRP is related to insulin sensitivity independently of adiposity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS — We studied 19 young normoglycemic nonobese first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetic subjects and 22 control subjects who were similar for age, sex, and BMI. Insulin sensitivity (glucose infusion rate [GIRD was measured by the euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry determined total and abdominal adiposity. Magnetic resonance imaging measured abdominal adipose tissue volumes. RESULTS — First-degree relatives of type 2 diabetic subjects had a 20% lower GIR than the control group (51.8 ± 3.9 vs. 64.9 ± 4.6 µmol · min-1 kg fat-free mass-1, P = 0.04). However, first-degree relatives of subjects with type 2 diabetes and those without a family history of diabetes had normal and comparable levels of CRP, adiponectin, and complement proteins. When the cohort was examined as a whole, CRP was inversely related to GIR (r = -0.33, P = 0.04) and adiponectin (r = -0.34, P = 0.03) and positively related to adiposity (P < 0.04). However, CRP was not related to GIR independently of fat mass. In contrast to C3 (r = 0.41, P = 0.009) and factor B (r = 0.43, P = 0.005), CRP was unrelated to factor D. CONCLUSIONS — The insulin-resistant state is not associated with changes in inflammatory markers or complement proteins in subjects at high risk of type 2 diabetes. Our study confirms a strong relationship between CRP and fat mass. Increasing adiposity and insulin resistance may interact to raise CRP levels.
- Subjects
TYPE 2 diabetes; INSULIN resistance; C-reactive protein; OBESITY; INFLAMMATION; PEOPLE with diabetes
- Publication
Diabetes Care, 2004, Vol 27, Issue 8, p2033
- ISSN
0149-5992
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.2337/diacare.27.8.2033