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- Title
Randomized controlled study of chemoimmunotherapy of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) in adults with Nocardia rubra cell-wall skeleton and irradiated allogeneic AML cells.
- Authors
Ohno, Ryuzo; Nakamura, Hiroyuki; Kodera, Yoshihisa; Ezaki, Koji; Yokomaku, Shozo; Oguma, Shigeru; Kubota, Yoshitsugu; Shibata, Hirotoshi; Ogawa, Nobuya; Masaoka, Toru; Yamada, Kazumasa; Ohno, R; Nakamura, H; Kodera, Y; Ezaki, K; Yokomaku, S; Oguma, S; Kubota, Y; Shibata, H; Ogawa, N
- Abstract
The effect of immunotherapy with Nocardia rubra cell-wall skeleton (N-CWS) on remission duration and survival of adults with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) was studied in a prospective randomized controlled study. After having been induced into complete remission and having been consolidated, 73 patients were randomized either to maintenance chemotherapy or maintenance chemotherapy plus immunotherapy with N-CWS and irradiated allogeneic AML cells. Thirty-four patients in the chemotherapy group and 32 in the chemoimmunotherapy group were evaluable. Six months after the closure of the study, the immunotherapy showed a borderline beneficial effect on remission duration (P = 0.080) and on survival length (P = 0.098). When the data were analyzed at 30 months after the entry, there was a borderline significant difference in remission duration (P = 0.080) between the two groups, prolonging the 50% remission period by 110 days; but no significant difference in survival length (P = 0.314), although the 50% survival was 168 days longer in the chemoimmunotherapy group. However, there were 4 (18.2%) 5-year relapse-free survivors among 22 patients (11 in each group) who had been diagnosed more than 5 years before the time of the present analysis, and all of them belonged to the chemoimmunotherapy group (P = 0.090). Thus, immunotherapy with N-CWS and irradiated allogeneic AML cells seems to be active in the treatment of adult AML when used for maintenance therapy in combination with chemotherapy.
- Publication
Cancer (0008543X), 1986, Vol 57, Issue 8, p1483
- ISSN
0008-543X
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1002/1097-0142(19860415)57:8<1483::AID-CNCR2820570808>3.0.CO;2-7