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- Title
Sex differences in the coagulation process and microvascular perfusion induced by brain death in rats.
- Authors
Correia, Cristiano de Jesus; Ricardo da Silva, Fernanda Yamamoto; Armstrong, Roberto; Vidal dos Santos, Marina; Anunciação, Lucas Ferreira; Sobral, Marcelo Luiz Peixoto; Coutinho e Silva, Raphael dos Santos; Leuvenink, Hendrik Gerrit Derk; Breithaupt‐Faloppa, Ana Cristina; Moreira, Luiz Felipe Pinho
- Abstract
Summary: Brain death (BD) leads to a systemic inflammation associated with the activation of coagulation, which could be related to decreased microcirculatory perfusion. Evidence shows that females exhibit higher platelet aggregability than males. Thus, we investigated sex differences in platelets, coagulation and microcirculatory compromise after BD. BD was induced in male and female (proestrus) Wistar rats. After 3 h, we evaluated: (i) intravital microscopy to evaluate mesenteric perfusion and leucocyte infiltration; (ii) platelet aggregation assay; (iii) rotational thromboelastometry; and (iv) Serum NOx‐. Female rats maintained the mesenteric perfusion, whereas male reduced percentage of perfused vessels. Male BD presented higher platelet aggregation than the controls. In contrast, female BD had lower platelet aggregation than the control. Thromboelastometry indicated a reduction in clot firmness with increased clotting time in the female group compared with the male group. Serum NOx‐ level in female BD was higher than that in the male BD and female control. There is sex dimorphism in platelet function and clotting process, which are altered in different ways by BD. Thus, it is possible to connect the reduction in microcirculatory perfusion in males to intravascular microthrombi formation and the maintenance of perfusion in females to a higher inflammatory response and NO synthesis.
- Subjects
BRAIN death; BLOOD platelet aggregation; BLOOD coagulation; PERFUSION; INFLAMMATION
- Publication
Transplant International, 2020, Vol 33, Issue 11, p1541
- ISSN
0934-0874
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/tri.13731