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- Title
White Matter Loss in a Mouse Model of Periventricular Leukomalacia Is Rescued by Trophic Factors.
- Authors
Espinosa-Jeffrey, Araceli; Barajas, Socorro A. R.; Arrazola, Alfonso R.; Taniguchi, Alana; Zhao, Paul M.; Bokhoor, Payam; Holley, Sandra M.; Dejarme, Don P.; Chu, Brian; Cepeda, Carlos; Levine, Michael S.; Gressens, Pierre; Feria-Velasco, Alfredo; de Vellis, Jean
- Abstract
Periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) is the most frequent cause of cerebral palsy and other intellectual disabilities, and currently there is no treatment. In PVL, glutamate excitotoxicity (GME) leads to abnormal oligodendrocytes (OLs), myelin deficiency, and ventriculomegaly. We have previously identified that the combination of transferrin and insulin growth factors (TSC1) promotes endogenous OL regeneration and remyelination in the postnatal and adult rodent brain. Here, we produced a periventricular white matter lesion with a single intracerebral injection of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA). Comparing lesions produced by NMDA alone and those produced by NMDA + TSC1 we found that: NMDA affected survival and reduced migration of OL progenitors (OLPs). In contrast, OPEN ACCESS mice injected with NMDA + TSC1 proliferated twice as much indicating that TSC1 supported regeneration of the OLP population after the insult. Olig2-mRNA expression showed 52% OLP survival in mice receiving a NMDA injection and increased to 78% when TSC1 + NMDA were injected simultaneously and ventricular size was reduced by TSC1. Furthermore, in striatal slices TSC1 reduced the inward currents induced by NMDA in medium-sized spiny neurons, demonstrating neuroprotection. Thus, white matter loss after excitotoxicity can be partially rescued as TSC1 conferred neuroprotection to preexisting OLP and regeneration via OLP proliferation. Furthermore, we showed that early TSC1 administration maximizes neuroprotection.
- Subjects
WHITE matter (Nerve tissue); CEREBRAL palsy; OLIGODENDROGLIA; MYELINATED axons; PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of methyl aspartate; LABORATORY mice; PHYSIOLOGY; PSYCHOLOGY
- Publication
Brain Sciences (2076-3425), 2013, Vol 3, Issue 4, p1461
- ISSN
2076-3425
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/brainsci3041461