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- Title
Characterization of Virus Replication, Pathogenesis, and Cytokine Responses in Syrian Hamsters Inoculated with SARS-CoV-2.
- Authors
Yang, Shiu-Ju; Wei, Ting-Chun; Hsu, Chih-Hao; Ho, Sin-Ni; Lai, Chi-Yun; Huang, Shiu-Feng; Chen, Yih-Yuan; Liu, Shih-Jen; Yu, Guann-Yi; Dou, Horng-Yunn
- Abstract
Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel coronavirus which caused a global respiratory disease pandemic beginning in December 2019. Understanding the pathogenesis of infection and the immune responses in a SARS-CoV-2-infected animal model is urgently needed for vaccine development. Methods: Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) were intranasally inoculated with 105, 5× 105, and 106 TCID50 of SARS-CoV-2 per animal and studied for up to 14 days. Body weight, viral load and real-time PCR amplification of the SARS-CoV-2 N gene were measured. On days 3, 6 and 9, lung, blood, liver, pancreas, heart, kidney, and bone marrow were harvested and processed for pathology, viral load, and cytokine expression. Results: Body weight loss, increased viral load, immune cell infiltration, upregulated cytokine expression, viral RNA, SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein, and mucus were detected in the lungs, particularly on day 3 post-infection. Extremely high expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines MIP-1 and RANTES was detected in lung tissue, as was high expression of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, and PD-L1. The glutamic oxalacetic transaminase/glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GOT/GPT) ratio in blood was significantly increased at 6 days post-infection, and plasma amylase and lipase levels were also elevated in infected hamsters. Conclusion: Our results provide new information on immunological cytokines and biological parameters related to the pathogenesis and immune response profile in the Syrian hamster model of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
- Subjects
GOLDEN hamster; SARS-CoV-2; VIRAL replication; CYTOKINES; PATHOGENESIS
- Publication
Journal of Inflammation Research, 2021, Vol 14, p3781
- ISSN
1178-7031
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.2147/JIR.S323026