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- Title
Prostaglandin D<sub>2</sub>-Mediated Microglia/Astrocyte Interaction Enhances Astrogliosis and Demyelination in twitcher.
- Authors
Ikuko Mohri; Masako Taniike; Hidetoshi Taniguchi; Takahisa Kanekiyo; Kosuke Aritake; Takashi Inui; Noriko Fukumoto; Eguchi, Naomi; Atsuko Kushi; Hitoshi Sasai; Yoshihide Kanaoka; Keiichi Ozono; Shuh Narumiya; Kinuko Suzuki; Yoshihiro Urade
- Abstract
Prostaglandin (PG) D2 is well known as a mediator of inflammation. Hematopoietic PGD synthase (HPGDS) is responsible for the production of PGD2 involved in inflammatory responses. Microglial activation and astrogliosis are commonly observed during neuroinflammation, including that which occurs during demyelination. Using the genetic demyelination mouse twitcher, a model of human Krabbe's disease, we discovered that activated microglia expressed HPGDS and activated astrocytes expressed the DP1 receptor for PGD2 in the brain of these mice. Cultured microglia actively produced PGD2 by the action of HPGDS. Cultured astrocytes expressed two types of PGD2 receptor, DP1 and DP2, and showed enhanced GFAP production after stimulation of either receptor with its respective agonist. These results suggest that PGD2 plays an important role in microglia/astrocyte interaction. We demonstrated that the blockade of the HPGDS/PGD2/DP signaling pathway using HPGDS- or DP2-null twitcher mice, and twitcher mice treated with an HPGDS inhibitor, HQL-79 (4-benzhydryloxy-1-[3-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-propyl]piperidine), resulted in remarkable suppression of astrogliosis and demyelination, as well as a reduction in twitching and spasticity. Furthermore, we found that the degree of oligodendroglial apoptosis was also reduced in HPGDS-null and HQL-79-treated twitcher mice. These results suggest that PGD2 is the key neuroinflammatory molecule that heightens the pathological response to demyelination in twitcher mice.
- Subjects
PROSTAGLANDINS; INFLAMMATION; HEMATOPOIETIC agents; MICROGLIA; NEURONS
- Publication
Journal of Neuroscience, 2006, Vol 26, Issue 16, p4383
- ISSN
0270-6474
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4531-05.2006