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- Title
Patients with type 1 diabetes show signs of vascular dysfunction in response to multiple high-fat meals.
- Authors
Lassenius, Mariann I.; Mäkinen, Ville-Petteri; Fogarty, Christopher L.; Peräneva, Lina; Jauhiainen, Matti; Pussinen, Pirkko J.; Taskinen, Marja-Riitta; Kirveskari, Juha; Vaarala, Outi; Nieminen, Janne K.; Hörkkö, Sohvi; Kangas, Antti J.; Soininen, Pasi; Ala-Korpela, Mika; Gordin, Daniel; Ahola, Aila J.; Forsblom, Carol; Groop, Per-Henrik; Lehto, Markku
- Abstract
Background: A high-fat diet promotes postprandial systemic inflammation and metabolic endotoxemia. We investigated the effects of three consecutive high-fat meals on endotoxemia, inflammation, vascular function, and postprandial lipid metabolism in patients with type 1 diabetes. Methods: Non-diabetic controls (n = 34) and patients with type 1 diabetes (n = 37) were given three high-caloric, fat-containing meals during one day. Blood samples were drawn at fasting (8:00) and every two hours thereafter until 18:00. Applanation tonometry was used to assess changes in the augmentation index during the investigation day. Results: Three consecutive high-fat meals had only a modest effect on serum LPS-activity levels and inflammatory markers throughout the day in both groups. Of note, patients with type 1 diabetes were unable decrease the augmentation index in response to the high-fat meals. The most profound effects of the consecutive fat loads were seen in chylomicron and HDLmetabolism. The triglyceride-rich lipoprotein remnant marker, apoB-48, was elevated in patients compared to controls both at fasting (p = 0.014) and postprandially (p = 0.035). The activities of the HDL-associated enzymes PLTP (p < 0.001), and CETP (p = 0.007) were higher and paraoxonase (PON-1) activity, an anti-oxidative enzyme bound to HDL, decreased in patients with type 1 diabetes (p = 0.027). Conclusions: In response to high-fat meals, early signs of vascular dysfunction alongside accumulation of chylomicron remnants, higher augmentation index, and decreased PON-1 activity were observed in patients with type 1 diabetes. The high-fat meals had no significant impact on postprandial LPS-activity in non-diabetic subjects or patients with type 1 diabetes suggesting that metabolic endotoxemia may be more central in patients with chronic metabolic disturbances such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, or diabetic kidney disease.
- Subjects
LIPID metabolism; ANALYSIS of variance; APOLIPOPROTEINS; ARTERIES; BLOOD pressure; VASODILATION; C-reactive protein; CHOLESTEROL; STATISTICAL correlation; CREATININE; FAT content of food; GLOMERULAR filtration rate; HIGH density lipoproteins; INFLAMMATION; INGESTION; INSULIN; TYPE 1 diabetes; INTERLEUKINS; LONGITUDINAL method; PROBABILITY theory; RESEARCH funding; STATISTICS; T-test (Statistics); TONOMETRY; TRIGLYCERIDES; U-statistics; DATA analysis; ALBUMINS; ENDOTOXEMIA; FOOD diaries; DATA analysis software; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDES
- Publication
Nutrition & Metabolism, 2014, Vol 11, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
1743-7075
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1186/1743-7075-11-28