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- Title
Sodium in Store and Restaurant Food Environments - Guam, 2015.
- Authors
Jackson, Sandra L.; VanFrank, Brenna K.; Lundeen, Elizabeth; Uncangco, Alyssa; Alam, Lawrence; Coleman King, Sallyann M.; Cogswell, Mary E.; King, Sallyann M Coleman
- Abstract
Compared with the United States overall, Guam has higher mortality rates from cardiovascular disease and stroke (1). Excess sodium intake can increase blood pressure and risk for cardiovascular disease (2,3). To determine the availability and promotion of lower-sodium options in the nutrition environment, the Guam Department of Public Health and Social Services (DPHSS) conducted an assessment in September 2015 using previously validated tools adapted to include sodium measures. Stores (N = 114) and restaurants (N = 63) were randomly sampled by region (north, central, and south). Data from 100 stores and 62 restaurants were analyzed and weighted to account for the sampling design. Across the nine product types assessed, lower-sodium products were offered less frequently than regular-sodium products (p<0.001) with <50% of stores offering lower-sodium canned vegetables, tuna, salad dressing, soy sauce, and hot dogs. Lower-sodium products were also less frequently offered in small stores than large (two or more cash registers) stores. Reduced-sodium soy sauce cost more than regular soy sauce (p<0.001) in stores offering both options in the same size bottle. Few restaurants engaged in promotion practices such as posting sodium information (3%) or identifying lower-sodium entrées (1%). Improving the availability and promotion of lower-sodium foods in stores and restaurants could help support healthier eating in Guam.
- Subjects
NON-communicable diseases; STRATEGIC planning; SODIUM; SALT shakers; RESTAURANTS
- Publication
MMWR: Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report, 2016, Vol 65, Issue 20, p510
- ISSN
0149-2195
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.15585/mmwr.mm6520a2