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- Title
Exploring the Role of CBX3 as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Lung Cancer.
- Authors
Wahab, Muhammad Aamir; Del Gaudio, Nunzio; Gargiulo, Biagio; Quagliariello, Vincenzo; Maurea, Nicola; Nebbioso, Angela; Altucci, Lucia; Conte, Mariarosaria
- Abstract
Simple Summary: Lung cancer is a major cause of cancer-related deaths in developed nations. Factors such as unhealthy lifestyle choices, particularly smoking, contribute to the development of this disease. Epigenetic abnormalities greatly affect gene expression and disrupt important cellular signaling pathways that are responsible for the proper growth, regulation, and functioning of cells. In the case of lung cancer, specifically non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), CBX3 acts as an epigenetic oncoprotein, promoting the growth and progression of tumors. Numerous studies have shown that CBX3 is overexpressed in NSCLC and is associated with a poor prognosis. It interacts with key oncogenic pathways leading to increased proliferation, reduced apoptosis, and enhanced resistance to therapy. Further research on the mechanisms and functions of CBX3 holds the potential to reveal new insights into the development of the disease and uncover novel therapeutic opportunities. Epigenetic changes regulate gene expression through histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, and protein translation of these modifications. The PRC1 and PRC2 complexes shape gene repression via histone modifications. Specifically, the CBX protein family aids PRC1 recruitment to chromatin, impacting the progressive multistep process driving chromatin silencing. Among family members, CBX3 is a complex protein involved in aberrant epigenetic mechanisms that drive lung cancer progression. CBX3 promotes lung tumorigenesis by interacting with key pathways such as PI3K/AKT, Ras/KRAS, Wnt/β-catenin, MAPK, Notch, and p53, leading to increased proliferation, inhibition of apoptosis, and enhanced resistance to therapy. Given our current lack of knowledge, additional research is required to uncover the intricate mechanisms underlying CBX3 activity, as well as its involvement in molecular pathways and its potential biomarker evaluation. Specifically, the dissimilar roles of CBX3 could be reexamined to gain a greater insight into lung cancer pathogenesis. This review aims to provide a clear overview of the context-related molecular profile of CBX3, which could be useful for addressing clinical challenges and developing novel targeted therapies based on personalized medicine.
- Subjects
PROTEIN metabolism; NEOPLASTIC cell transformation; DRUG resistance in cancer cells; GENOMICS; EPIGENOMICS; CELL proliferation; APOPTOSIS; CELLULAR signal transduction; TUMOR markers; EPIDERMAL growth factor; LUNG tumors; INDIVIDUALIZED medicine; GENETIC mutation; DISEASE progression
- Publication
Cancers, 2024, Vol 16, Issue 17, p3026
- ISSN
2072-6694
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/cancers16173026