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- Title
Vigeo Promotes Myotube Differentiation and Protects Dexamethasone-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy via Regulating the Protein Degradation, AKT/mTOR, and AMPK/Sirt-1/PGC1α Signaling Pathway In Vitro and In Vivo.
- Authors
Cheon, Yoon-Hee; Lee, Chang-Hoon; Chung, Chong-Hyuk; Kim, Ju-Young; Lee, Myeung-Su
- Abstract
Sarcopenia, a condition caused by an imbalance between muscle growth and loss, can severely affect the quality of life of elderly patients with metabolic, inflammatory, and cancer diseases. Vigeo, a nuruk-fermented extract of three plants (Eleutherococcus senticosus Maxim (ESM), Achyranthes japonica (Miq.) Nakai (AJN), and Atractylodes japonica Koidzumi (AJK)) has been reported to have anti-osteoporotic effects. However, evidence of the effects of Vigeo on muscle atrophy is not available. Here, in the in vivo model of dexamethasone (Dex)-induced muscle atrophy, Vigeo treatment significantly reversed Dex-induced decreases in calf muscle volume, gastrocnemius (GA) muscle weight, and histological cross-section area. In addition, in mRNA and protein analyses isolated from GA muscle, we observed that Vigeo significantly protected against Dex-induced mouse muscle atrophy by inhibiting protein degradation regulated by atrogin and MuRF-1. Moreover, we demonstrated that Vigeo significantly promoted C2C12 cell line differentiation, as evidenced by the increased width and length of myotubes, and the increased number of fused myotubes with three or more nuclei. Vigeo alleviated the formation of myotubes compared to the control group. Vigeo also significantly increased the mRNA and protein expression of myosin heavy chain (MyHC), MyoD, and myogenin compared to that in the control. Vigeo treatment significantly reduced the mRNA and protein expression of muscle degradation markers atrogin-1 and muscle RING Finger 1 (MuRF-1) in the C2C12 cell line in vitro. Vigeo also activated the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/silent information regulator 1 (Sirt-1)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ co-activator-1α (PGC1α) mitochondrial biogenesis pathway and the Akt/mTOR protein synthesis signaling pathway in Dex-induced myotube atrophy. These findings suggest that Vigeo may have protective effects against Dex-induced muscle atrophy. Therefore, we propose Vigeo as a supplement or potential therapeutic agent to prevent or treat sarcopenia accompanied by muscle atrophy and degeneration.
- Subjects
NUCLEAR proteins; BIOLOGICAL models; IN vitro studies; CELL migration; SKELETAL muscle; DATA analysis; T-test (Statistics); RESEARCH funding; AMP-activated protein kinases; TRANSCRIPTION factors; CELLULAR signal transduction; IN vivo studies; IMMUNODIAGNOSIS; REVERSE transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; FLUORESCENT antibody technique; CELL motility; TREATMENT effectiveness; PLANT extracts; MICE; GROWTH factors; ANIMAL experimentation; WESTERN immunoblotting; ONE-way analysis of variance; STATISTICS; MICROBIOLOGICAL assay; MUSCULAR atrophy; CELL differentiation; TRANSFERASES; COMPARATIVE studies; STAINS &; staining (Microscopy); DATA analysis software; DEXAMETHASONE; CELL surface antigens; PHARMACODYNAMICS
- Publication
Nutrients, 2024, Vol 16, Issue 16, p2687
- ISSN
2072-6643
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/nu16162687